1.Design of pipeline displacement detecting system based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks
Design of pipeline displacement detecting system based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks
Most of the gravity-dropped slurry pipelines are underlaid in mountainous areas which are vulnerable to disasters, such as debris flow and landslide. The accumulation of displacement of the pipeline caused by those disasters is very likely to cause pipeline fracture. To solve this problem, a design of detection system for displacement of the pipe which is based on ZigBee wireless sensor network and MEMS accelerometer be put forward. This system adopts modular design which includes central processing unit, data acquisition module, serial communication module and human-computer interface. Different detecting points of the pipeline can realize wireless networking and communication by ZigBee Protocol stack. Detecting points use sensor collecting displacement data and uploading data by wireless network step-by-step, last through serial port to upper computer in central control room and display, save it. And according to those data, it can issue warnings in the event of exceeding threshold. Experiments show that the system has a good stability of communication and can collect pipeline displacement data effectively, when the displacement of pipeline exceeding a threshold, it can effective issue warnings.
Most of the gravity-dropped slurry pipelines are underlaid in mountainous areas which are vulnerable to disasters, such as debris flow and landslide. The accumulation of displacement of the pipeline caused by those disasters is very likely to cause pipeline fracture. To solve this problem, a design of detection system for displacement of the pipe which is based on ZigBee wireless sensor network and MEMS accelerometer be put forward. This system adopts modular design which includes central processing unit, data acquisition module, serial communication module and human-computer interface. Different detecting points of the pipeline can realize wireless networking and communication by ZigBee Protocol stack. Detecting points use sensor collecting displacement data and uploading data by wireless network step-by-step, last through serial port to upper computer in central control room and display, save it. And according to those data, it can issue warnings in the event of exceeding threshold. Experiments show that the system has a good stability of communication and can collect pipeline displacement data effectively, when the displacement of pipeline exceeding a threshold, it can effective issue warnings.
2.Z-Phone: Design and implementation of embedded Voice over Zigbee applications
Z-Phone: Design and implementation of embedded Voice over Zigbee applications
Short range wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi and DECT are known to transmit voice, audio and/or video messages in real time. Energy consumption and transmission reach are critical in such networks, especially for portable and/or power autonomous devices. The purpose of the Voice over Zigbee technology is to provide a competitive offering that excels in these performance aspects. Due to the CSMA-CA mechanism implemented in the 802.15.4 layer a well-designed strategy must be taken into account in Zigbee to create a robust, reliable and full-duplex conversation. This article proves that the radio channel of Zigbee has enough bandwidth to support a full-duplex conversation with narrow band voice codecs. Furthermore, it presents the implementation and evaluation of a voice codec performed in the framework of the Z-Phone project, which targeted the development of a low cost, ultra low power, long range wireless headset using Zigbee technology to transmit voice in full-duplex mode for use with leading PC VoIP programs. Last but not least, it presents the results of the transmission range and power consumption tests involving the developed headset prototype. Talk time is comparable to Bluetooth, but its deep-sleep lifetime doubles the Bluetooth performance. Another significant contribution of this work is towards understanding and resolving the challenges faced when trying to achieve good quality transmission of media over constrained devices and networks. The way to new voice-related Zigbee applications is open.
Short range wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi and DECT are known to transmit voice, audio and/or video messages in real time. Energy consumption and transmission reach are critical in such networks, especially for portable and/or power autonomous devices. The purpose of the Voice over Zigbee technology is to provide a competitive offering that excels in these performance aspects. Due to the CSMA-CA mechanism implemented in the 802.15.4 layer a well-designed strategy must be taken into account in Zigbee to create a robust, reliable and full-duplex conversation. This article proves that the radio channel of Zigbee has enough bandwidth to support a full-duplex conversation with narrow band voice codecs. Furthermore, it presents the implementation and evaluation of a voice codec performed in the framework of the Z-Phone project, which targeted the development of a low cost, ultra low power, long range wireless headset using Zigbee technology to transmit voice in full-duplex mode for use with leading PC VoIP programs. Last but not least, it presents the results of the transmission range and power consumption tests involving the developed headset prototype. Talk time is comparable to Bluetooth, but its deep-sleep lifetime doubles the Bluetooth performance. Another significant contribution of this work is towards understanding and resolving the challenges faced when trying to achieve good quality transmission of media over constrained devices and networks. The way to new voice-related Zigbee applications is open.
3.Design of a monitoring system of airport boarding bridge based on ZigBee wireless network
Design of a monitoring system of airport boarding bridge based on ZigBee wireless network
In order to overcome the disadvantages of boarding bridge's collapse and scraping the plane without early warning, a design of wireless fault early warning and monitoring system combining ZigBee wireless communication technology and variable sensors which are used to detect vibration, position, and faults, was proposed. The structure of network, the design of hardware and the software modules of the monitoring system are discussed in detail. Experiments show that the application of wireless ZigBee technique with low cost and low-power dissipation makes the monitoring system of airport boarding bridge more flexible and shortens the troubleshooting time. Besides, it could eliminate the cumbersome problem of overall fault diagnosis on site.
In order to overcome the disadvantages of boarding bridge's collapse and scraping the plane without early warning, a design of wireless fault early warning and monitoring system combining ZigBee wireless communication technology and variable sensors which are used to detect vibration, position, and faults, was proposed. The structure of network, the design of hardware and the software modules of the monitoring system are discussed in detail. Experiments show that the application of wireless ZigBee technique with low cost and low-power dissipation makes the monitoring system of airport boarding bridge more flexible and shortens the troubleshooting time. Besides, it could eliminate the cumbersome problem of overall fault diagnosis on site.
4.Smart Entrance Guard Control Based on RFID Card and ZigBee Authorization
Smart Entrance Guard Control Based on RFID Card and ZigBee Authorization
Second generation ID card is the unique identity label of Chinese citizens. In the entrance guard system, using the second generation ID card instead of M1 card will simplify the entrance guard system and also the system will be more efficiently managed. When using the second generation ID card as the identification tag in the hotel entrance guard system, we should access the real-time transmission of information between terminal and control center which is based on a way of authorized networking technology. Zigbee technology as a kind of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology has several important features to support multiple nodes which can meet the needs of entrance guard system. Thus, the proposed design uses the second generation ID card as identification signs, and Zigbee as information collection mechanism. The combination of Zigbee technology and the second generation ID card will satisfy the timeliness, safety and convenience requirements of the entrance guard system.
Second generation ID card is the unique identity label of Chinese citizens. In the entrance guard system, using the second generation ID card instead of M1 card will simplify the entrance guard system and also the system will be more efficiently managed. When using the second generation ID card as the identification tag in the hotel entrance guard system, we should access the real-time transmission of information between terminal and control center which is based on a way of authorized networking technology. Zigbee technology as a kind of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology has several important features to support multiple nodes which can meet the needs of entrance guard system. Thus, the proposed design uses the second generation ID card as identification signs, and Zigbee as information collection mechanism. The combination of Zigbee technology and the second generation ID card will satisfy the timeliness, safety and convenience requirements of the entrance guard system.
5.The Application of ZigBee Technology to the Intelligent Bus Query System
The Application of ZigBee Technology to the Intelligent Bus Query System
Nowdays, with the rapid development of modern cities, bus routes are becoming increasingly dense. So, it is very difficult for us to query and choose the right bus routes. Aiming at this problem, this paper discusses a kind of public transport inquiry system. This system takes the school bus as the implementation model, and in allusion to the intelligent bus query system based on ZigBee network, GPS and internet to discuss. The system adopts the XWWK - CC2530 8051 kernel as the main controller, at the same time, it uses the GPS receiver for data collection, using ZigBee technology for wireless transmission network. At last, the business application of system based on mobile phone. The system helps users to choose travel path and transfer line quickly, improving the efficiency of the user's travel.
Nowdays, with the rapid development of modern cities, bus routes are becoming increasingly dense. So, it is very difficult for us to query and choose the right bus routes. Aiming at this problem, this paper discusses a kind of public transport inquiry system. This system takes the school bus as the implementation model, and in allusion to the intelligent bus query system based on ZigBee network, GPS and internet to discuss. The system adopts the XWWK - CC2530 8051 kernel as the main controller, at the same time, it uses the GPS receiver for data collection, using ZigBee technology for wireless transmission network. At last, the business application of system based on mobile phone. The system helps users to choose travel path and transfer line quickly, improving the efficiency of the user's travel.
6.Remote monitoring & closed loop control agricultural system using GSM & Zigbee t
Remote monitoring and closed loop control system for social modernization in agricultural system using GSM and Zigbee technology
In agriculture field, the current agricultural practices need to intensify the rate of food crop production for the rate of population growth with available resources. This paper describes the automated system to make effective utilization of water resources for agriculture and crop growth monitoring using GSM and Zigbee technology. Firstly, this system utilized rainwater from the harvest rainwater tank for irrigation and then bore well water has been used. The water use efficiency is increased in drip irrigation system by using soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor and temperature sensor. The signals from the sensors are coordinated by the microcontroller and transmitted to irrigation control centre (ICC) through Zigbee wireless radio communication. The optimized water use for an agriculture crops has been achieved in the ICC successfully. The growth status of the crop also monitored using IR transceiver. The device that can report data to the cultivator remotely and the system allow them to effectively control through GSM.
In agriculture field, the current agricultural practices need to intensify the rate of food crop production for the rate of population growth with available resources. This paper describes the automated system to make effective utilization of water resources for agriculture and crop growth monitoring using GSM and Zigbee technology. Firstly, this system utilized rainwater from the harvest rainwater tank for irrigation and then bore well water has been used. The water use efficiency is increased in drip irrigation system by using soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor and temperature sensor. The signals from the sensors are coordinated by the microcontroller and transmitted to irrigation control centre (ICC) through Zigbee wireless radio communication. The optimized water use for an agriculture crops has been achieved in the ICC successfully. The growth status of the crop also monitored using IR transceiver. The device that can report data to the cultivator remotely and the system allow them to effectively control through GSM.
7. ZigBee Wireless Techniques for an Intelligent House Lighting Control System
Design and Application of ZigBee Wireless Techniques for an Intelligent House Lighting Control System
This paper proposed the design and application of ZigBee wireless techniques for an intelligent house lighting control system. The user interface was designed using the graphical programming software NI Lab VIEW. A fuzzy rule base was constructed using the auxiliary Fuzzy Tool Box. In addition to serving as the core computation unit, the base was also used in the energy saving system making the entire intelligent system a human-focused design. The wired section used the USB-6008 DAQ device produced by NI, whereas the wireless section used the ZigBee wireless network. The control system developed using Lab VIEW can decide if the blinds need to be opened or closed according to the brightness of the indoors/outdoors. The test results showed that the proposed energy saving not only regulated the comfort level, but also that the energy consumption was reduced.
This paper proposed the design and application of ZigBee wireless techniques for an intelligent house lighting control system. The user interface was designed using the graphical programming software NI Lab VIEW. A fuzzy rule base was constructed using the auxiliary Fuzzy Tool Box. In addition to serving as the core computation unit, the base was also used in the energy saving system making the entire intelligent system a human-focused design. The wired section used the USB-6008 DAQ device produced by NI, whereas the wireless section used the ZigBee wireless network. The control system developed using Lab VIEW can decide if the blinds need to be opened or closed according to the brightness of the indoors/outdoors. The test results showed that the proposed energy saving not only regulated the comfort level, but also that the energy consumption was reduced.
8.HOME FADS: A dedicated fire alert detection system using ZigBee wireless network
HOME FADS: A dedicated fire alert detection system using ZigBee wireless network
This paper describes the development of innovative low-cost home dedicated fire alert detection system (FADS) using ZigBee wireless network. Our home FADS system are consists of an Arduino Uno Microcontroller, Xbee wireless module (Zigbee wireless), Arduino digital temperature sensor, buzzer alarm and X-CTU software. Arduino and wireless ZigBee has advantages in terms of its long battery life and much cheaper compared to the others wireless sensor network. There are several objectives that need to be accomplished in developing this project which are to develop fire alert detection system (FADS) for home user using ZigBee wireless network and to evaluate the effectiveness of the home FADS by testing it in different distances and the functionality of heat sensor. Based from the experiments, the results show that the home FADS could function as expected. It also could detect heat and alarm triggered when temperature is above particular value. Furthermore, this project provides a guideline for implementing and applying home FADS at home and recommendation on future studies for home FADS in monitoring the temperature on the web server.
This paper describes the development of innovative low-cost home dedicated fire alert detection system (FADS) using ZigBee wireless network. Our home FADS system are consists of an Arduino Uno Microcontroller, Xbee wireless module (Zigbee wireless), Arduino digital temperature sensor, buzzer alarm and X-CTU software. Arduino and wireless ZigBee has advantages in terms of its long battery life and much cheaper compared to the others wireless sensor network. There are several objectives that need to be accomplished in developing this project which are to develop fire alert detection system (FADS) for home user using ZigBee wireless network and to evaluate the effectiveness of the home FADS by testing it in different distances and the functionality of heat sensor. Based from the experiments, the results show that the home FADS could function as expected. It also could detect heat and alarm triggered when temperature is above particular value. Furthermore, this project provides a guideline for implementing and applying home FADS at home and recommendation on future studies for home FADS in monitoring the temperature on the web server.
9.Zigbee and GSM based patient health monitoring system
Zigbee and GSM based patient health monitoring system
Care of critically ill patient, requires spontaneous & accurate decisions so that life-protecting & lifesaving therapy can be properly applied. Statistics reveal that every minute a human is losing his/her life across the globe. More close in India, everyday many lives are affected by heart attacks and more importantly because the patients did not get timely and proper help. This paper is based on monitoring of patients. We have designed and developed a reliable, energy efficient patient monitoring system. It is able to send parameters of patient in real time. It enables the doctors to monitor patient's health parameters (temp, heartbeat, ECG, position) in real time. Here the parameters of patient are measured continuously (temp, heartbeat, ECG) and wirelessly transmitted using Zigbee. This project provides a solution for enhancing the reliability and flexibility by improving the performance and power management of the patient monitoring system. In the current proposed system the patient health is continuously monitored and the acquired data is analyzed at a centralized ARM microcontroller. If a particular patient's health parameter falls below the threshold value, an automated SMS is sent to the pre-configured Doctor's mobile number using a standard GSM module interfaced to the ARM microcontroller. Here, we are using Zigbee for wireless transmission. The Doctor can get a record of a particular patient's information by just accessing the database of the patient on his PC which is continuously updated through Zigbee receiver module.
Care of critically ill patient, requires spontaneous & accurate decisions so that life-protecting & lifesaving therapy can be properly applied. Statistics reveal that every minute a human is losing his/her life across the globe. More close in India, everyday many lives are affected by heart attacks and more importantly because the patients did not get timely and proper help. This paper is based on monitoring of patients. We have designed and developed a reliable, energy efficient patient monitoring system. It is able to send parameters of patient in real time. It enables the doctors to monitor patient's health parameters (temp, heartbeat, ECG, position) in real time. Here the parameters of patient are measured continuously (temp, heartbeat, ECG) and wirelessly transmitted using Zigbee. This project provides a solution for enhancing the reliability and flexibility by improving the performance and power management of the patient monitoring system. In the current proposed system the patient health is continuously monitored and the acquired data is analyzed at a centralized ARM microcontroller. If a particular patient's health parameter falls below the threshold value, an automated SMS is sent to the pre-configured Doctor's mobile number using a standard GSM module interfaced to the ARM microcontroller. Here, we are using Zigbee for wireless transmission. The Doctor can get a record of a particular patient's information by just accessing the database of the patient on his PC which is continuously updated through Zigbee receiver module.
10.The Research and Implement of the Intelligent Parking Reservation Based on ZigBee Technology
The Research and Implement of the Intelligent Parking Reservation Management System Based on ZigBee Technology
With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of city modernization level, traffic congestion and parking have become serious social problems due to the explosive growth of the per capita amount of vehicle. So this paper put forward the design and implementation of smart parking system trying to solve the parking problem. The bottom part of this system is composed of ZigBee network which sent pressure information to PC through a coordinator and then update database. The application layer can quickly get the parking information through the Internet, and use advantages of Webservice to gather all the scattered parking information to bring convenience to the people who want to get a parking position.
With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of city modernization level, traffic congestion and parking have become serious social problems due to the explosive growth of the per capita amount of vehicle. So this paper put forward the design and implementation of smart parking system trying to solve the parking problem. The bottom part of this system is composed of ZigBee network which sent pressure information to PC through a coordinator and then update database. The application layer can quickly get the parking information through the Internet, and use advantages of Webservice to gather all the scattered parking information to bring convenience to the people who want to get a parking position.
11.Apply of coal-bunker fire warning system based on ZigBee
Apply of coal-bunker fire warning system based on ZigBee
Paper puts forward a bunker early warning system based on ZigBee. The system adopts the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor to collect data, and judges the data fusion which transmits to the host by ZigBee, so that it realizes coal bunker fire early warning, and improves the reliability and flexibility of the early warning system.
Paper puts forward a bunker early warning system based on ZigBee. The system adopts the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor to collect data, and judges the data fusion which transmits to the host by ZigBee, so that it realizes coal bunker fire early warning, and improves the reliability and flexibility of the early warning system.
12.Visualization of WSN using ZigBee's RSSI for indoor localization
Visualization of wireless sensor networks using ZigBee's Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for indoor localization and tracking
With the increasing popularity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), indoor localization has become a key research challenge, since it is crucial to locate the sensors in order to analyze the sensor data in their spatial and temporal contexts. The paper presents a novel method to visualize the position and trajectory of a dynamic WSN using ZigBee's Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in a map-based visualization, deployed on smart phones. Existing research has demonstrated the use of RSSI to estimate the position of ZigBee tags (transmitters). The contribution of this paper is to integrate the use of sensor cloud services for managing spatio-temporal data streams and a smartphone app for visualizing the dynamic spatial and temporal aspects of the readings from wireless sensor networks.
With the increasing popularity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), indoor localization has become a key research challenge, since it is crucial to locate the sensors in order to analyze the sensor data in their spatial and temporal contexts. The paper presents a novel method to visualize the position and trajectory of a dynamic WSN using ZigBee's Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in a map-based visualization, deployed on smart phones. Existing research has demonstrated the use of RSSI to estimate the position of ZigBee tags (transmitters). The contribution of this paper is to integrate the use of sensor cloud services for managing spatio-temporal data streams and a smartphone app for visualizing the dynamic spatial and temporal aspects of the readings from wireless sensor networks.
13.Ultrasonic sensor system for ecology observation and timing synchronization of ZigBee network
Ultrasonic sensor system for ecology observation and timing synchronization of ZigBee network
Timing synchronization is essential in case where multiple sensor nodes with ultrasonic sensors are deployed on the same place. This is because the ultrasonic sensors should be powered at an appropriate timing so as to prevent ultrasonic interference. In this paper, we propose a harmful bird attack system and a new timing synchronization method for ZigBee sensor network. In this timing synchronizing method, by concentrating the processing load to the server, the amount of calculation on each node can be minimized and is unaffected by the increase in the number of nodes. Evaluation of the proposed method has shown that it sufficiently fulfills the timing requirement for the proposed harmful birds attack system.
Timing synchronization is essential in case where multiple sensor nodes with ultrasonic sensors are deployed on the same place. This is because the ultrasonic sensors should be powered at an appropriate timing so as to prevent ultrasonic interference. In this paper, we propose a harmful bird attack system and a new timing synchronization method for ZigBee sensor network. In this timing synchronizing method, by concentrating the processing load to the server, the amount of calculation on each node can be minimized and is unaffected by the increase in the number of nodes. Evaluation of the proposed method has shown that it sufficiently fulfills the timing requirement for the proposed harmful birds attack system.
14.Wireless sensors network and acknowledgement technique based ZigBee system
Wireless sensors network and acknowledgement technique based ZigBee system
The attractive features of wireless sensors based ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 standard such low cost, flexibility, scalability, and multiple usages contribute to spread it in many trends. The network of wireless sensors which is to be considered in this research deals with fixed and mobile wireless sensors and treated with mesh and tree topologies. This paper takes up the effect of Acknowledgement technique to search for better throughput and end to end delay of wireless sensors network. The results show that the acknowledgement technique has different effects on the performance of the network depending on the type of topology and state of sensors (fixed or mobile). The usage of Acknowledgement gives better performance in terms of throughput and end to end delay for tree topology with mobile stations, and mesh topology with fixed stations.
The attractive features of wireless sensors based ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 standard such low cost, flexibility, scalability, and multiple usages contribute to spread it in many trends. The network of wireless sensors which is to be considered in this research deals with fixed and mobile wireless sensors and treated with mesh and tree topologies. This paper takes up the effect of Acknowledgement technique to search for better throughput and end to end delay of wireless sensors network. The results show that the acknowledgement technique has different effects on the performance of the network depending on the type of topology and state of sensors (fixed or mobile). The usage of Acknowledgement gives better performance in terms of throughput and end to end delay for tree topology with mobile stations, and mesh topology with fixed stations.
15.Multi-smart car control system design and research based on ZigBee
Multi-smart car control system design and research based on ZigBee
Firstly, the multi-smart car formation control system is designed by using distributed control architecture. The wireless communications, the magnetic field sensors, motor drives and other hardware modules are designed. The smart car navigation is achieved by magnetic field detection. Then the multi-smart car cooperative control self-organizing wireless communication network is designed by ZigBee. The embedded μC/OS-II real-time operating system is transplanted into the smart car. According to the requirements for multi- smart car cooperative control, the linear optimal quadratic fleet tracking control algorithm is utilized to realize multi-smart car start and stop formations, and uniform and ramp control. The collaborative communication negotiation intersection algorithms are applied to achieve crossing collaborative tasks of the smart car. Finally, the experimental results show that the designed ZigBee wireless communication network meets the requirements for the collaboration control, formation control and road junction collaborating control of the smart car.
Firstly, the multi-smart car formation control system is designed by using distributed control architecture. The wireless communications, the magnetic field sensors, motor drives and other hardware modules are designed. The smart car navigation is achieved by magnetic field detection. Then the multi-smart car cooperative control self-organizing wireless communication network is designed by ZigBee. The embedded μC/OS-II real-time operating system is transplanted into the smart car. According to the requirements for multi- smart car cooperative control, the linear optimal quadratic fleet tracking control algorithm is utilized to realize multi-smart car start and stop formations, and uniform and ramp control. The collaborative communication negotiation intersection algorithms are applied to achieve crossing collaborative tasks of the smart car. Finally, the experimental results show that the designed ZigBee wireless communication network meets the requirements for the collaboration control, formation control and road junction collaborating control of the smart car.
16.Intelligent energy monitoring system based on ZigBee-equipped smart sockets
Intelligent energy monitoring system based on ZigBee-equipped smart sockets
The intelligent home appliance monitoring is the mainstream development of the future automation and networking technology. Appliance operation can be easily monitored through sensing and other similar perceptions of the corresponding power link. These products of smart energy monitoring system communicate with one another via intelligent sockets equipped with ZigBee wireless transceivers. A home-based remote server enables remote monitoring and control of electrical home appliances. The use of mobile internet in portable devices, especially in smartphones and tablet PCs, provides great advantage and flexibility for remote control. The status and power consumption information of all monitored appliances are stored in the remote server. The corresponding analysis of such power consumption data can be provided to the power company for smart grid planning and the user for energy saving through rescheduling and safe power usage via abnormal situation warning.
The intelligent home appliance monitoring is the mainstream development of the future automation and networking technology. Appliance operation can be easily monitored through sensing and other similar perceptions of the corresponding power link. These products of smart energy monitoring system communicate with one another via intelligent sockets equipped with ZigBee wireless transceivers. A home-based remote server enables remote monitoring and control of electrical home appliances. The use of mobile internet in portable devices, especially in smartphones and tablet PCs, provides great advantage and flexibility for remote control. The status and power consumption information of all monitored appliances are stored in the remote server. The corresponding analysis of such power consumption data can be provided to the power company for smart grid planning and the user for energy saving through rescheduling and safe power usage via abnormal situation warning.
16.Voice communication based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks
Voice communication based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks
Voice communication is the main part of wireless communication. ZigBee is a new wireless network technology, which includes low-rate, low-cost, low-energy consumption, and short distance. Although it is not designed for voice communication, its 250kbps bandwidth is enough to support the voice communication. In this paper, we achieve wireless real-time voice communication based on AMBE-1000, CC2530, and TI-Zstack protocol. We have five nodes, of which one is coordinator, one is end device, and the other three are routers. These five nodes constitute the wireless voice communication system. The system can be used in underground coal-mine equipment, earthquake disaster relief, fire fight rescue, etc.
Voice communication is the main part of wireless communication. ZigBee is a new wireless network technology, which includes low-rate, low-cost, low-energy consumption, and short distance. Although it is not designed for voice communication, its 250kbps bandwidth is enough to support the voice communication. In this paper, we achieve wireless real-time voice communication based on AMBE-1000, CC2530, and TI-Zstack protocol. We have five nodes, of which one is coordinator, one is end device, and the other three are routers. These five nodes constitute the wireless voice communication system. The system can be used in underground coal-mine equipment, earthquake disaster relief, fire fight rescue, etc.
18.A ZigBee Based Multi-hop Health Monitoring System: Design and Performance Evaluation
A ZigBee Based Multi-hop Health Monitoring System: Design and Performance Evaluation
With the increasing in the aging population, the health of the elderly caused widespread concern. The recently developed body sensor networks (BSN) have been confirmed to be a low cost and efficient way for elderly health monitoring. In this paper, we mainly introduced the design of a heterogeneous ZigBee based multi-hop health monitoring system which consisted data Collecting Node (CN), data Relaying Nodes (RNs), and Health Monitoring Nodes (HMNs). The CN and the RNs have prefixed position and they composed the main traffic routes for data transmission. The HMNs are placed on human body to sample the physiological signals of the people while the people can move freely in the floor of the building. In addition, the CN and the RNs have comparatively high radio transmission power to guarantee the network connectivity and coverage while the HMNs are always working with low radio transmission power to reduce energy consumption and to extend the life of the nodes. In addition, the designed health monitoring system were tested in the 11st floor of our laboratory (Area: 26.4m 52.8m), and the experiments results show that the network throughput is as high as 70.56 kbytes/s, the bit error ratio (BER) is lower than 0.03% and the packet loss ratio (PLR) is lower than 0.4%.
With the increasing in the aging population, the health of the elderly caused widespread concern. The recently developed body sensor networks (BSN) have been confirmed to be a low cost and efficient way for elderly health monitoring. In this paper, we mainly introduced the design of a heterogeneous ZigBee based multi-hop health monitoring system which consisted data Collecting Node (CN), data Relaying Nodes (RNs), and Health Monitoring Nodes (HMNs). The CN and the RNs have prefixed position and they composed the main traffic routes for data transmission. The HMNs are placed on human body to sample the physiological signals of the people while the people can move freely in the floor of the building. In addition, the CN and the RNs have comparatively high radio transmission power to guarantee the network connectivity and coverage while the HMNs are always working with low radio transmission power to reduce energy consumption and to extend the life of the nodes. In addition, the designed health monitoring system were tested in the 11st floor of our laboratory (Area: 26.4m 52.8m), and the experiments results show that the network throughput is as high as 70.56 kbytes/s, the bit error ratio (BER) is lower than 0.03% and the packet loss ratio (PLR) is lower than 0.4%.
19.A hybrid tracking system for ZigBee WSNs
A hybrid tracking system for ZigBee WSNs
Target localization and tracking problems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have received considerable attention recently, driven by the need to achieve high localization accuracy, with the minimum cost possible. A wide range of proposed approaches regarding the localization area have emerged, however most of them suffer from either requiring an extra sensor, high power consumption, inaccessible indoors, or offer high localization error. This paper presents a research and development of a hybrid WSN tracking system using the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the inertial system. The proposed system is an efficient indoors, where it offers reasonable localization accuracy (0.1 - 0.7) meters, and achieves low power consumption. A number of real experiments have been conducted to test the efficiency of the proposed system using XBee modules.
Target localization and tracking problems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have received considerable attention recently, driven by the need to achieve high localization accuracy, with the minimum cost possible. A wide range of proposed approaches regarding the localization area have emerged, however most of them suffer from either requiring an extra sensor, high power consumption, inaccessible indoors, or offer high localization error. This paper presents a research and development of a hybrid WSN tracking system using the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the inertial system. The proposed system is an efficient indoors, where it offers reasonable localization accuracy (0.1 - 0.7) meters, and achieves low power consumption. A number of real experiments have been conducted to test the efficiency of the proposed system using XBee modules.
20.A wireless automatic meter reading system based on digital image process and ZigBee-3G
A wireless automatic meter reading system based on digital image process and ZigBee-3G
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the wired automatic meter reading system is gradually replaced by the wireless one. In this paper, a new kind of wireless automatic reading system based on digital image processing technology, ZigBee and 3G network is proposed. This design mainly aims to apply in residential buildings or areas, and it uses digital image processing technology template matching method to get the meter data which is fast and really solves compatibility problems in meter reading system. At the end of the paper, securities of transmitting data to remote monitor center by 3G network are discussed. Virtual private network tunneling technology is used in this design which makes data transmission much more reliable and safer than the current meter reading system.
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the wired automatic meter reading system is gradually replaced by the wireless one. In this paper, a new kind of wireless automatic reading system based on digital image processing technology, ZigBee and 3G network is proposed. This design mainly aims to apply in residential buildings or areas, and it uses digital image processing technology template matching method to get the meter data which is fast and really solves compatibility problems in meter reading system. At the end of the paper, securities of transmitting data to remote monitor center by 3G network are discussed. Virtual private network tunneling technology is used in this design which makes data transmission much more reliable and safer than the current meter reading system.
21.Smart home energy management system including renewable energy based on ZigBee and PLC
Smart home energy management system including renewable energy based on ZigBee and PLC
As home energy use is increasing and renewable energy systems are deployed, home energy management system (HEMS) needs to consider both energy consumption and generation simultaneously to minimize the energy cost. This paper proposes a smart HEMS architecture that considers both energy consumption and generation simultaneously. ZigBee-based energy measurement modules are used to monitor the energy consumption of home appliances and lights. A PLC-based renewable energy gateway is used to monitor the energy generation of renewable energies. The home server gathers the energy consumption and generation data, analyzes them for energy estimation, and controls the home energy use schedule to minimize the energy cost. The remote energy management server aggregates the energy data from numerous home servers, compares them, and creates useful statistical analysis information. By considering both energy consumption and generation, the proposed HEMS architecture is expected to optimize home energy use and result in home energy cost saving.
As home energy use is increasing and renewable energy systems are deployed, home energy management system (HEMS) needs to consider both energy consumption and generation simultaneously to minimize the energy cost. This paper proposes a smart HEMS architecture that considers both energy consumption and generation simultaneously. ZigBee-based energy measurement modules are used to monitor the energy consumption of home appliances and lights. A PLC-based renewable energy gateway is used to monitor the energy generation of renewable energies. The home server gathers the energy consumption and generation data, analyzes them for energy estimation, and controls the home energy use schedule to minimize the energy cost. The remote energy management server aggregates the energy data from numerous home servers, compares them, and creates useful statistical analysis information. By considering both energy consumption and generation, the proposed HEMS architecture is expected to optimize home energy use and result in home energy cost saving.
22.Zigbee based monitoring and control of melter process in sugar industry
Zigbee based monitoring and control of melter process in sugar industry
Process control industries like sugar mill, paper manufacturing industries, chemical and petrochemical product manufacturers etc., are running continuously to satisfy the needs of customers. The industrial process are generally monitored and controlled through the Distributed control system. This system requires transformation of data from the field to control room through wired communication system. The enormous changes have been taken right from the origin of process control industries to control such kind of complicated process in wireless manner. This paper demonstrates the monitoring and control of brix measurement in Melter tank of sugar industry by microcontroller and the transmission is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standards This kind of communication is normally called as Wireless Sensor Networks. The objective of Melter process is to maintain the brix (viscosity of cane juice) in an appropriate ratio by employing the steam and hot water to the same. The brix rate of the sugar masseicuite (semisolid state) has been measured using an micro-polar brix sensor. The objective of this paper is to monitor and control the brix in wireless manner using Zigbee network. The above process has been designed using sensor networks and PIC controllers.
Process control industries like sugar mill, paper manufacturing industries, chemical and petrochemical product manufacturers etc., are running continuously to satisfy the needs of customers. The industrial process are generally monitored and controlled through the Distributed control system. This system requires transformation of data from the field to control room through wired communication system. The enormous changes have been taken right from the origin of process control industries to control such kind of complicated process in wireless manner. This paper demonstrates the monitoring and control of brix measurement in Melter tank of sugar industry by microcontroller and the transmission is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standards This kind of communication is normally called as Wireless Sensor Networks. The objective of Melter process is to maintain the brix (viscosity of cane juice) in an appropriate ratio by employing the steam and hot water to the same. The brix rate of the sugar masseicuite (semisolid state) has been measured using an micro-polar brix sensor. The objective of this paper is to monitor and control the brix in wireless manner using Zigbee network. The above process has been designed using sensor networks and PIC controllers.
23.An advanced plug-and-play network architecture for WBAN using HBC, Zigbee & NFC
An advanced plug-and-play network architecture for wireless body area network using HBC, Zigbee and NFC
This paper presents an advanced network system for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) using different types of transmission media and wireless technologies to satisfy the needs of WBAN. Based on current research and surveys, this network architecture constitutes an innovative plug and play sensor network for WBAN by using Human Body Communication (HBC), Zigbee and Near Field Communication (NFC).
This paper presents an advanced network system for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) using different types of transmission media and wireless technologies to satisfy the needs of WBAN. Based on current research and surveys, this network architecture constitutes an innovative plug and play sensor network for WBAN by using Human Body Communication (HBC), Zigbee and Near Field Communication (NFC).
24.Low cost internet based wireless sensor network for air pollution monitoring using Zigbee module
Low cost internet based wireless sensor network for air pollution monitoring using Zigbee module
A wireless sensor system was used to monitor carbon monoxide and smoke air pollutants. A MATLB curve fitting toolbox was used to read both CO and smoke readings with a single sensor (MQ2). The system have an HTML-based interface developed in MATLAB software for displaying the pollutants level in parts per million gathered by the commercially available sensor. The paper presents a system which provides a low cost data acquisition of CO and smoke pollutants that can be read online for air pollution monitoring for environmental awareness. In addition, the MQ2 sensor can read other pollutants which could be added to the system for future work.
A wireless sensor system was used to monitor carbon monoxide and smoke air pollutants. A MATLB curve fitting toolbox was used to read both CO and smoke readings with a single sensor (MQ2). The system have an HTML-based interface developed in MATLAB software for displaying the pollutants level in parts per million gathered by the commercially available sensor. The paper presents a system which provides a low cost data acquisition of CO and smoke pollutants that can be read online for air pollution monitoring for environmental awareness. In addition, the MQ2 sensor can read other pollutants which could be added to the system for future work.
25.ZigBee wireless communication for monitoring renewable street light system
ZigBee wireless communication for monitoring renewable street light system
The advancement of technology brings advantages to human race to certain extent. Unfortunately, some of the technological inventions not only brings advantages, but also disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is the pollution of environment. Therefore, to prevent the pollution from getting worse, environmental-friendly aspect is suggested to be included in new inventions nowadays. Thanks to the invention of solar panel, solar energy is able to become a renewable energy source that can be applied to various applications. Considering the increase of electricity consumption every year in Malaysia, solar powered street lighting system is proposed in order to reduce the burning of fossil fuels to generate electricity, hence reducing air pollution. The street lighting system will consist of automated switching mechanism to further reduce the electricity consumption of street lights. The system will also be able to provide energy measurement to determine the efficiency of street lights. Some security features provided by selected wireless communication protocol will also be implemented to secure the system.
The advancement of technology brings advantages to human race to certain extent. Unfortunately, some of the technological inventions not only brings advantages, but also disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is the pollution of environment. Therefore, to prevent the pollution from getting worse, environmental-friendly aspect is suggested to be included in new inventions nowadays. Thanks to the invention of solar panel, solar energy is able to become a renewable energy source that can be applied to various applications. Considering the increase of electricity consumption every year in Malaysia, solar powered street lighting system is proposed in order to reduce the burning of fossil fuels to generate electricity, hence reducing air pollution. The street lighting system will consist of automated switching mechanism to further reduce the electricity consumption of street lights. The system will also be able to provide energy measurement to determine the efficiency of street lights. Some security features provided by selected wireless communication protocol will also be implemented to secure the system.
26.Development of remote vital signs monitoring device using wireless communication
Investigation and development of remote vital signs monitoring device using wireless communication
Monitoring applications have been deployed throughout the years using either wired or short and long distance wireless technology. The wireless technologies itself have been developing and on increasing trends throughout the years. This study discusses on the comparison on two types of wireless technologies to be deployed in the healthcare industries for monitoring patient's vital signs, which are, heart rate and temperature. RF and Zigbee technologies were used in series of experiments to monitor these vital signs. It was found that the Zigbee technology produced reliable and accurate data with longer transmission range. This study also discusses on development of the device from designing until the printed PCB version. Series of tests were conducted using the variations of parameters and Zigbee technology produces stable and similar output vital signs reading compared to the conventional device.
Monitoring applications have been deployed throughout the years using either wired or short and long distance wireless technology. The wireless technologies itself have been developing and on increasing trends throughout the years. This study discusses on the comparison on two types of wireless technologies to be deployed in the healthcare industries for monitoring patient's vital signs, which are, heart rate and temperature. RF and Zigbee technologies were used in series of experiments to monitor these vital signs. It was found that the Zigbee technology produced reliable and accurate data with longer transmission range. This study also discusses on development of the device from designing until the printed PCB version. Series of tests were conducted using the variations of parameters and Zigbee technology produces stable and similar output vital signs reading compared to the conventional device.
27.Implementation of 802.15.4 for designing of home automation and power monitoring system
Implementation of 802.15.4 for designing of home automation and power monitoring system
Innovation in the field of wireless technologies has revolutionized automation in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. With the proliferation of wireless technologies, it is important to implement an appropriate wireless protocol according to the application area. This paper provides a brief overview of the existing home automation systems and describes ZigBee (over IEEE 802.15.4) technology, along with its comparative study with other protocols. It suggests, ZigBee is an emerging technology in the field of Home Automation system (HAS). It also demonstrates the designing and implementation of HAS for remote controlling and monitoring of various domestic loads/appliances using ZigBee protocol. An efficient method of power utilization through real-time power monitoring with the help of a PC-based GUI application is illustrated.
Innovation in the field of wireless technologies has revolutionized automation in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. With the proliferation of wireless technologies, it is important to implement an appropriate wireless protocol according to the application area. This paper provides a brief overview of the existing home automation systems and describes ZigBee (over IEEE 802.15.4) technology, along with its comparative study with other protocols. It suggests, ZigBee is an emerging technology in the field of Home Automation system (HAS). It also demonstrates the designing and implementation of HAS for remote controlling and monitoring of various domestic loads/appliances using ZigBee protocol. An efficient method of power utilization through real-time power monitoring with the help of a PC-based GUI application is illustrated.
28.Design of surveillance and safety system for underground coal mines based on low power WSN
Design of surveillance and safety system for underground coal mines based on low power WSN
This paper presents a low power, cost-effective, and ZigBee protocol based wireless sensor network that provides an intelligent surveillance and safety system for underground coal mines. The system consists of wireless connection of several nodes. Sensor node mainly consists of ZigBee protocol based low power CC2530 transceiver integrated with a high performance, low power microcontroller on single chip. This integrated chip connected through RF connector on smartRF05 Battery Board. This small size, low power device is easily interfaced with desired miniature size sensors. Wireless sensor nodes join to other sensor node in specific multi-hop mesh network topology, that creates a ZigBee based wireless sensor network. This network can be easily placed in underground mines and it provides an effectively surveillance and safety system for underground coal miners. Especially, it provides the real-time data communication between miners and surface control room through highly secure, reliable wireless sensor nodes. The proposed system improves the existing miner's safety and early warning surveillance in underground coal mines.
This paper presents a low power, cost-effective, and ZigBee protocol based wireless sensor network that provides an intelligent surveillance and safety system for underground coal mines. The system consists of wireless connection of several nodes. Sensor node mainly consists of ZigBee protocol based low power CC2530 transceiver integrated with a high performance, low power microcontroller on single chip. This integrated chip connected through RF connector on smartRF05 Battery Board. This small size, low power device is easily interfaced with desired miniature size sensors. Wireless sensor nodes join to other sensor node in specific multi-hop mesh network topology, that creates a ZigBee based wireless sensor network. This network can be easily placed in underground mines and it provides an effectively surveillance and safety system for underground coal miners. Especially, it provides the real-time data communication between miners and surface control room through highly secure, reliable wireless sensor nodes. The proposed system improves the existing miner's safety and early warning surveillance in underground coal mines.
29.ARM based real time video streaming using XBee for perimeter control in defense application
ARM based real time video streaming using XBee for perimeter control in defense application
The use of video streaming for communication is becoming very popular among social and industrial applications such as video calling Skype, `we chat', security system, surveillance system etc. This paper presents the analysis & prototype design of system for wireless video streaming in ISM band which make the system very low power and of much lower cost for perimeter control. Conventional rate policing such as generic cell rate algorithm is inadequate to sufficiently regulate transmission of data sources over Zigbee limited by bandwidth. Hence, it is very difficult to transmit JPEG pictures over Zigbee channel. A segment entitled traffic is introduced to prevent excessive overflow of JPEG pictures data over the Zigbee channel. We are proposing a system which will capture pictures through Vision Sensor (Serial JPEG camera - RS232) and transmit through XBee, 2.4GHz(ISM) as RF Transceiver and can be deployed in any highly sensitive defense area for perimeter control.
The use of video streaming for communication is becoming very popular among social and industrial applications such as video calling Skype, `we chat', security system, surveillance system etc. This paper presents the analysis & prototype design of system for wireless video streaming in ISM band which make the system very low power and of much lower cost for perimeter control. Conventional rate policing such as generic cell rate algorithm is inadequate to sufficiently regulate transmission of data sources over Zigbee limited by bandwidth. Hence, it is very difficult to transmit JPEG pictures over Zigbee channel. A segment entitled traffic is introduced to prevent excessive overflow of JPEG pictures data over the Zigbee channel. We are proposing a system which will capture pictures through Vision Sensor (Serial JPEG camera - RS232) and transmit through XBee, 2.4GHz(ISM) as RF Transceiver and can be deployed in any highly sensitive defense area for perimeter control.
31.Real Time Monitoring and Control System for Green House Based on 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network
Real Time Monitoring and Control System for Green House Based on 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network
Greenhouse facilitates precise monitoring and controlling of various parameters, so as to cultivate quality conscience crops without slaying resources. The cabling laid for the sensors, deployed inside the Greenhouse is not feasible. Hence the need for an automated system employing wireless communication and remote sensing is imperative. This paper proposes a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based embedded system and deals with the implementation of ZigBee network (over IEEE 802.15.4) for remote controlling of the Greenhouse parameters. The detailed information regarding establishment of ZigBee network in Star topology as well as in Mesh Topology, inside the Greenhouse is illustrated. It also demonstrates the real time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, humidity, as well as the total power consumption of the system, with the help of a PC based GUI application developed on Java platform.
Greenhouse facilitates precise monitoring and controlling of various parameters, so as to cultivate quality conscience crops without slaying resources. The cabling laid for the sensors, deployed inside the Greenhouse is not feasible. Hence the need for an automated system employing wireless communication and remote sensing is imperative. This paper proposes a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based embedded system and deals with the implementation of ZigBee network (over IEEE 802.15.4) for remote controlling of the Greenhouse parameters. The detailed information regarding establishment of ZigBee network in Star topology as well as in Mesh Topology, inside the Greenhouse is illustrated. It also demonstrates the real time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, humidity, as well as the total power consumption of the system, with the help of a PC based GUI application developed on Java platform.
32.Research on remote sensing network control using cloud computing services
Research on remote sensing network control using cloud computing services
Introduced the use of ZigBee wireless sensor network technology equipment accessing to the cloud computing services or cloud computing platform which can provide realtime monitoring and control the remote sensing equipment. The real-time feedback information can be transfer via the Internet base on B/S structure. And this article has taken the implementation of controlling a lamp from a remote distance for example. The remote control system is flexible and can access various sensing equipment. It provides great convenience for software developers.
Introduced the use of ZigBee wireless sensor network technology equipment accessing to the cloud computing services or cloud computing platform which can provide realtime monitoring and control the remote sensing equipment. The real-time feedback information can be transfer via the Internet base on B/S structure. And this article has taken the implementation of controlling a lamp from a remote distance for example. The remote control system is flexible and can access various sensing equipment. It provides great convenience for software developers.
33.A redundant solution for collective residences inflammable gas leaking monitoring
A redundant solution for collective residences inflammable gas leaking monitoring using ultra-low power transmission system and automatic control
Because the gas monitoring domestic use is important issue for all involved actors, many researchers and designers have approached this field. After a detailed state-of-arts analysis, in this paper deep research has been devoted for information flow and communication link design. Two important criteria have been established for information linking between collective residences and a general monitoring system, then ultra-low power Wi-Fi, and Zigbee-based devices have been used for experiments. Then, because of many unpredicted risk situations, a fuzzy model of gas leak risk evaluation has been designed. The used core device was a microcontroller with major roles: fuzzy/defuzzy processes, packet data link operating and processing, and regulatory user interface. Timed communication events and sets of action rules have been tested on the implemented system.
Because the gas monitoring domestic use is important issue for all involved actors, many researchers and designers have approached this field. After a detailed state-of-arts analysis, in this paper deep research has been devoted for information flow and communication link design. Two important criteria have been established for information linking between collective residences and a general monitoring system, then ultra-low power Wi-Fi, and Zigbee-based devices have been used for experiments. Then, because of many unpredicted risk situations, a fuzzy model of gas leak risk evaluation has been designed. The used core device was a microcontroller with major roles: fuzzy/defuzzy processes, packet data link operating and processing, and regulatory user interface. Timed communication events and sets of action rules have been tested on the implemented system.
34.Harmful Gases Wireless Network Monitoring System Design
Harmful Gases Wireless Network Monitoring System Design
Single network for traditional wired and monitoring systems in the wiring, coverage, scalability, compatibility and other aspects of the problem, this paper proposes to Zigbee technology-based, GSM technology, supplemented by the master-slave wireless network, this system architecture designed remote detection terminal, control master station, mobile monitoring terminal communication protocol. Remote monitoring terminal is used to detect the site environment and gas concentration. Remote sense terminals to detect scene conditions and gas concentration state. Control station is used to handle the main station to join the network of remote detection terminal data, timely alarm information sent to your phone via GSM module monitoring terminal. In addition, through the serial port to transfer data to a computer monitor server, to achieve the status of each remote terminal data analysis and management. Experimental results show that this paper designed system is capable of long-term stable and reliable operation with low power consumption, always online, covering a wide area advantages.
Single network for traditional wired and monitoring systems in the wiring, coverage, scalability, compatibility and other aspects of the problem, this paper proposes to Zigbee technology-based, GSM technology, supplemented by the master-slave wireless network, this system architecture designed remote detection terminal, control master station, mobile monitoring terminal communication protocol. Remote monitoring terminal is used to detect the site environment and gas concentration. Remote sense terminals to detect scene conditions and gas concentration state. Control station is used to handle the main station to join the network of remote detection terminal data, timely alarm information sent to your phone via GSM module monitoring terminal. In addition, through the serial port to transfer data to a computer monitor server, to achieve the status of each remote terminal data analysis and management. Experimental results show that this paper designed system is capable of long-term stable and reliable operation with low power consumption, always online, covering a wide area advantages.
35.An energy-efficient WSN-based traffic safety system
An energy-efficient WSN-based traffic safety system
This paper describes the design of an energy-efficient wireless sensing network (WSN) system for highways lighting that we called vehicle detection for light providing system (VDLPS). This proposed study develops a system that would enable the efficient use of solar light poles. The VDLPS consists of solar light poles deployed in dangerous portions of highways. These poles would be assembled in groups and each group will be equipped with a sensor and an actuator. The sensor would serve for vehicle detection while the actuator would be responsible of switching on and off the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of a group of poles. A control unit is used to process sensors signal into instructions for the actuators. Communication between the system components is done through Zigbee network and relayed by the use of repeaters. The architecture of the suggested system is introduced, its components, workflow and operating logic are detailed, and a cost study is conducted. The motivation behind this approach is to reduce accidents by lighting dangerous portions of highways that can be deadly with a reduced cost and along with an optimal and efficient use of solar energy.
This paper describes the design of an energy-efficient wireless sensing network (WSN) system for highways lighting that we called vehicle detection for light providing system (VDLPS). This proposed study develops a system that would enable the efficient use of solar light poles. The VDLPS consists of solar light poles deployed in dangerous portions of highways. These poles would be assembled in groups and each group will be equipped with a sensor and an actuator. The sensor would serve for vehicle detection while the actuator would be responsible of switching on and off the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of a group of poles. A control unit is used to process sensors signal into instructions for the actuators. Communication between the system components is done through Zigbee network and relayed by the use of repeaters. The architecture of the suggested system is introduced, its components, workflow and operating logic are detailed, and a cost study is conducted. The motivation behind this approach is to reduce accidents by lighting dangerous portions of highways that can be deadly with a reduced cost and along with an optimal and efficient use of solar energy.
36.A wearable wireless body area network for human activity recognition
A wearable wireless body area network for human activity recognition
This paper presents an accelerometer-based human activity recognition system using wearable wireless body area network using ZigBee. Android mobile phone is made a part of wireless sensor network to act as a base station, which displays live information to the user. The lightweight sensor devices running Contiki and the feature of wireless design enable the users of our system to move freely. In addition, the integration with social network greatly improves the user experience. In this research, 2-axis accelerometer sensors and a threshold based algorithm are developed to recognize the human activity among standing, walking and running. The possible applications include patients motion monitoring, athletes exercise measurement and people's daily living activity monitoring.
This paper presents an accelerometer-based human activity recognition system using wearable wireless body area network using ZigBee. Android mobile phone is made a part of wireless sensor network to act as a base station, which displays live information to the user. The lightweight sensor devices running Contiki and the feature of wireless design enable the users of our system to move freely. In addition, the integration with social network greatly improves the user experience. In this research, 2-axis accelerometer sensors and a threshold based algorithm are developed to recognize the human activity among standing, walking and running. The possible applications include patients motion monitoring, athletes exercise measurement and people's daily living activity monitoring.
37.Data centre monitoring and alerting system using WSN
Data centre monitoring and alerting system using WSN
Wireless sensor networks have become more popular in the domains like environmental sensing, health monitoring, home and building automation, smart energy, green computing etc. The application of wireless sensor networks can be extended for the effective monitoring of the data centre environment. Almost all the data centres are equipped with high end servers, data storage equipments which must be protected against cooling failures by providing necessary monitoring tools and alerting mechanism to the administrators. It is therefore very essential to design a system that monitors and alerts about the environmental conditions of the data centres. The work carried out to design an effective data centre monitoring system has been discussed in this paper. This paper discusses both hardware and software development aspects to achieve the desired goal. The wireless personal area network has been established in the data centres using low power wireless sensor motes which are powered by Zigbee protocol and Zigbee to internet gateway system. This will enable the monitoring of data centre environmental parameters such as temperature and the relative humidity over the internet. This system also has a SMS/e-mail based alerting provision whenever the sensed parameters go beyond the preset threshold values.
Wireless sensor networks have become more popular in the domains like environmental sensing, health monitoring, home and building automation, smart energy, green computing etc. The application of wireless sensor networks can be extended for the effective monitoring of the data centre environment. Almost all the data centres are equipped with high end servers, data storage equipments which must be protected against cooling failures by providing necessary monitoring tools and alerting mechanism to the administrators. It is therefore very essential to design a system that monitors and alerts about the environmental conditions of the data centres. The work carried out to design an effective data centre monitoring system has been discussed in this paper. This paper discusses both hardware and software development aspects to achieve the desired goal. The wireless personal area network has been established in the data centres using low power wireless sensor motes which are powered by Zigbee protocol and Zigbee to internet gateway system. This will enable the monitoring of data centre environmental parameters such as temperature and the relative humidity over the internet. This system also has a SMS/e-mail based alerting provision whenever the sensed parameters go beyond the preset threshold values.
38.Intelligent management of urban garden irrigation
Intelligent management of urban garden irrigation
The scarcity of water resources, associated with the growing need for water, is one of the most critical problems of humanity. At the same time, irregular rainfall, coupled with the occurrence of high temperatures, are strong obstacles to the preservation and growth of plants, causing high rates of water deficiency. Recently, several systems of soil monitoring and irrigation control have been developed with the aim of improving water use efficiency. This study describes a system (iRain), developed by the authors, which aims to ensure autonomous and efficient irrigation in urban gardens. It consists of a net of sensors and actuators with Zigbee communication and control software for storage and availability of monitoring data on a web portal in real time. In manual mode, the irrigation management is the responsibility of the irrigation manager in order to control the system from the portal. In automatic mode, the system prevents watering if there is a forecast of precipitation (up to 3 days) and if the humidity of the soil has not fallen below a critical value. In this mode the decision is made at the local base. The system also gives preference to irrigation at night and during periods of light wind in order to obtain more accurate and efficient irrigation. Thus, the iRain constitutes a valuable tool for promoting sustainable use of this scarce natural resource.
The scarcity of water resources, associated with the growing need for water, is one of the most critical problems of humanity. At the same time, irregular rainfall, coupled with the occurrence of high temperatures, are strong obstacles to the preservation and growth of plants, causing high rates of water deficiency. Recently, several systems of soil monitoring and irrigation control have been developed with the aim of improving water use efficiency. This study describes a system (iRain), developed by the authors, which aims to ensure autonomous and efficient irrigation in urban gardens. It consists of a net of sensors and actuators with Zigbee communication and control software for storage and availability of monitoring data on a web portal in real time. In manual mode, the irrigation management is the responsibility of the irrigation manager in order to control the system from the portal. In automatic mode, the system prevents watering if there is a forecast of precipitation (up to 3 days) and if the humidity of the soil has not fallen below a critical value. In this mode the decision is made at the local base. The system also gives preference to irrigation at night and during periods of light wind in order to obtain more accurate and efficient irrigation. Thus, the iRain constitutes a valuable tool for promoting sustainable use of this scarce natural resource.
39.Intelligent system for valorizing solid urban waste
Intelligent system for valorizing solid urban waste
The management of municipal solid waste is a complex problem for most developed countries. At present, only a few small cities have implemented procedures for collecting garbage in an innovative way. Thus, it is urgent to implement measures that initiate sustainable behavior, with the active participation of citizens, ensuring the conservation of resources through the reduction and recovery of waste. This paper describes the iEcoSys system (Intelligent Ecologic System) developed by the authors. It is a technological tool that identifies the waste produced individually, using RFID tags embedded in rubbish bags - the iBags. When depositing waste, the recycling center identifies and weighs each bag and the collected data is sent to a server system using ZigBee communication standard. When the information reaches the server system, it is inserted into the database management system, making it possible to see the deposited waste in the iEcoSys Internet portal, and even order new iBags. Making the cities smarter and promote sustainability by changing the paradigm of receiving the recycled rubbish instead of paying for the waste produced, is the contribution of this study.
The management of municipal solid waste is a complex problem for most developed countries. At present, only a few small cities have implemented procedures for collecting garbage in an innovative way. Thus, it is urgent to implement measures that initiate sustainable behavior, with the active participation of citizens, ensuring the conservation of resources through the reduction and recovery of waste. This paper describes the iEcoSys system (Intelligent Ecologic System) developed by the authors. It is a technological tool that identifies the waste produced individually, using RFID tags embedded in rubbish bags - the iBags. When depositing waste, the recycling center identifies and weighs each bag and the collected data is sent to a server system using ZigBee communication standard. When the information reaches the server system, it is inserted into the database management system, making it possible to see the deposited waste in the iEcoSys Internet portal, and even order new iBags. Making the cities smarter and promote sustainability by changing the paradigm of receiving the recycled rubbish instead of paying for the waste produced, is the contribution of this study.
40.A new prototype of smart parking using wireless sensor networks
A new prototype of smart parking using wireless sensor networks
In this paper we present an outdoor smart parking prototype using wireless sensor networks as a possible solution to solve the problem of parking, through an application that present the information in order to find free parking spaces in real time, this system can help to improve the quality of life in smart cities, because the time for finding a free parking space could be reduced, as well as help to reduce pollution and to improve vehicular traffic. The use of a wireless sensor networks allow for easy installation outdoor, the system could use a solar panel to charge the batteries and being independent of an external power source wired or constantly replacing batteries. The vacancies spaces are presented to users through a smart device. The main results show a reduction of 50% of time to obtain a free parking space, a reduction in fuel consumption, and an estimated reduction of vehicle pollution. Finally, we determine for our campus university the fuel saved were 2,71 galons/year/vehicle.
In this paper we present an outdoor smart parking prototype using wireless sensor networks as a possible solution to solve the problem of parking, through an application that present the information in order to find free parking spaces in real time, this system can help to improve the quality of life in smart cities, because the time for finding a free parking space could be reduced, as well as help to reduce pollution and to improve vehicular traffic. The use of a wireless sensor networks allow for easy installation outdoor, the system could use a solar panel to charge the batteries and being independent of an external power source wired or constantly replacing batteries. The vacancies spaces are presented to users through a smart device. The main results show a reduction of 50% of time to obtain a free parking space, a reduction in fuel consumption, and an estimated reduction of vehicle pollution. Finally, we determine for our campus university the fuel saved were 2,71 galons/year/vehicle.
41.Implementation of automated demand side energy monitoring on TOD basis using LabVIEW
Implementation of automated demand side energy monitoring on TOD basis using LabVIEW
This paper describes the implementation of remote monitoring system for the demand side energy utilization using the graphical system design platform - LabVIEW. This LabVIEW application uses the concept of Time of Day (TOD) metering to track how much electricity a consumer uses and the time of use. Demand side energy utilization is tracked electronically using a microcontroller based system. The electronically tracked information is acquired by the LabVIEW application using ZigBee based wireless communication. This LabVIEW based remote application enables the operator to fix the consumer's energy unit prices which vary at different times of the day. Finally this automated system also generates a detailed statement of the demand side energy utilization which in turn helps the demand side to manage the electricity utilization.
This paper describes the implementation of remote monitoring system for the demand side energy utilization using the graphical system design platform - LabVIEW. This LabVIEW application uses the concept of Time of Day (TOD) metering to track how much electricity a consumer uses and the time of use. Demand side energy utilization is tracked electronically using a microcontroller based system. The electronically tracked information is acquired by the LabVIEW application using ZigBee based wireless communication. This LabVIEW based remote application enables the operator to fix the consumer's energy unit prices which vary at different times of the day. Finally this automated system also generates a detailed statement of the demand side energy utilization which in turn helps the demand side to manage the electricity utilization.
42.Integration of low-cost supervisory mobile robots in domestic Wireless Sensor Networks
Integration of low-cost supervisory mobile robots in domestic Wireless Sensor Networks
This paper presents a communication interface between supervisory low-cost mobile robots and domestic Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on the Zig Bee protocol from different manufacturers. The communication interface allows control and communication with other network devices using the same protocol. The robot can receive information from sensor devices (temperature, humidity, luminosity) and send commands to actuator devices (lights, shutters, thermostats) from different manufacturers. The architecture of the system, the interfaces and devices needed to establish the communication are described in the paper
This paper presents a communication interface between supervisory low-cost mobile robots and domestic Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on the Zig Bee protocol from different manufacturers. The communication interface allows control and communication with other network devices using the same protocol. The robot can receive information from sensor devices (temperature, humidity, luminosity) and send commands to actuator devices (lights, shutters, thermostats) from different manufacturers. The architecture of the system, the interfaces and devices needed to establish the communication are described in the paper
43.Reliable monitoring of oil and gas pipelines using wireless sensor network (WSN)
Reliable monitoring of oil and gas pipelines using wireless sensor network (WSN)
Development in the domain of embedded systems and communication technologies have created an industrial need to automate tasks and to render more control. Rapid advancement in data processing technologies, wireless communication, evolution of Micro-Electromechanical Systems, business intelligence, process planning and control has created a room for improvement in all areas of industrial practices related to oil and gas processing. Reliable monitoring whilst reporting to remote control rooms in a timely manner for oil and gas carrying pipelines creates a bigger challenge due to its lengthy span. In this paper, we investigate and propose an oil and gas pipeline monitoring solution based on wireless sensor networks with reliability focus on leakage sensing and wireless data communication. The system is developed indigenously and provides capability of reporting pipeline health related statistics stretched over large geographical areas.
Development in the domain of embedded systems and communication technologies have created an industrial need to automate tasks and to render more control. Rapid advancement in data processing technologies, wireless communication, evolution of Micro-Electromechanical Systems, business intelligence, process planning and control has created a room for improvement in all areas of industrial practices related to oil and gas processing. Reliable monitoring whilst reporting to remote control rooms in a timely manner for oil and gas carrying pipelines creates a bigger challenge due to its lengthy span. In this paper, we investigate and propose an oil and gas pipeline monitoring solution based on wireless sensor networks with reliability focus on leakage sensing and wireless data communication. The system is developed indigenously and provides capability of reporting pipeline health related statistics stretched over large geographical areas.
44.Architecture of remote vital signs acquisition based — GPS (2012)
Architecture of remote vital signs acquisition based — GPS (2012)
In this paper a architecture of real-time remote life monitoring system based on the GPS is presented. The system architecture consists of ARM, vital signs monitoring module, GPS and GSM wireless communication module; it can be applied to long-distance medical treatment, exploring trends of potential chronic diseases and communicate illness, and urgent situations informing for sudden diseases.
45.A Ubiquitous Homecare Service System Using a Wearable User Interface Device(2012)
A Ubiquitous Homecare Service System Using a Wearable User Interface Device(2012)
This paper presents design and implementation of a homecare system that provides home control assistance and fall detection services using a wrist-watch type wireless motion and location sensing device. This user interface device is equipped with a Zigbee radio transceiver to communicate with a home gateway and track location of the user. The user interface device is also equipped with a 3-axis accelerometer to measure user's 3D motion data so that the home gateway can recognize the user's behavior and fall status.
46.Design of intelligent home appliance control system based on ARM and ZigBee (2012)t
Design of intelligent home appliance control system based on ARM and ZigBee (2012)
This paper introduces the intelligent home appliance control system, the system is developed through ARM microprocessor, embedded Linux operating system, ZigBee wireless communication technology and network technology. It gives the overall framework of hardware and software design, and describes ways to implement the system. User can control appliances through hand-held mobile terminal.
48.Controlling Traffic Lights for Ambulances
Controlling Traffic Lights for Ambulances
In this paper, we propose a traffic control scheme, called the Ambulance Traffic Control System (ATCS for short), in which before an ambulance (AMU for short) passes through a street/road intersection, the ATCS turns the traffic lights of the intersection to green so that the injured people can be transported to a nearby hospital as soon as possible. When Roadside Transportation Authority (RTA for short) and AMU communicate with each other, the delivered messages are encrypted by random numbers and the RSA algorithm. According to our analyses, the ATCS can safely protect the messages.
49.EDA based automatic detection of epileptic seizures using wireless system(2011)
EDA based automatic detection of epileptic seizures using wireless system(2011)
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder which manifest by recurrent involuntary seizures. The seizures dynamics is wide ranging from blinking of the eye to severe muscle contraction. The last category can be life threatening for the person. Currently, the epileptic seizures are impossible to predict, an alternative is to detect the seizure as early as possible and to tell the care giver that a seizure occurred and take action. The current monitoring systems involve audio and video observation which is difficult to analyze in particular during the night. The wireless electronic diagnosing system designed here is exclusively meant for epilepsy patients. The system helps in accurately predicting the occurrence of seizures. In this paper, a new scheme is proposed for detecting epileptic seizures from the skin of epileptic patients. In this paper, a system with wireless electronic diagnosing system that combines Electro dermal activity (EDA), GPS, GSM, and ARM processor is proposed. This paper provides the location of epileptic patients through GPS technology and warning to the caring persons of epileptic patient through GSM technology.
45.Architecture of web services interface for a Home Energy Management system
Architecture of web services interface for a Home Energy Management system
This paper proposes a web-based architecture to enable information retrieval and appliance management for a Home Energy Management (HEM) system. With the proposed architecture, homeowners can monitor their basic energy usage information, and can perform necessary appliance management based on their pre-defined load priority, preferences, and comfort settings. The proposed architecture is designed based on the Standard Energy Usage Information (PAP10), which ensures interoperability among smart grid equipment. It is also designed with comprehensive security measures. It is expected that the proposed architecture can serve as a reference model for custom hardware designs and implementation of a real time, lightweight and reliable embedded web server for HEM applications in the smart grid environment
This paper proposes a web-based architecture to enable information retrieval and appliance management for a Home Energy Management (HEM) system. With the proposed architecture, homeowners can monitor their basic energy usage information, and can perform necessary appliance management based on their pre-defined load priority, preferences, and comfort settings. The proposed architecture is designed based on the Standard Energy Usage Information (PAP10), which ensures interoperability among smart grid equipment. It is also designed with comprehensive security measures. It is expected that the proposed architecture can serve as a reference model for custom hardware designs and implementation of a real time, lightweight and reliable embedded web server for HEM applications in the smart grid environment
46.Real time solid waste bin monitoring system framework using wireless sensor network
Real time solid waste bin monitoring system framework using wireless sensor network
This paper presents a new framework that enables the remote monitoring of solid waste bin in real time, via ZigBee-PRO and GPRS, to assist the solid waste management process. The system is designed to monitor the status of the bin as soon as someone throw waste insight it. The system framework is based on a wireless sensor network, contains three levels: smart bin, gateway and control station that stores and analyze the data for further use. In this way, the waste collection route can be optimized by feeding the collected data into a decision support system and hence able to reduce operation costs and emissions
This paper presents a new framework that enables the remote monitoring of solid waste bin in real time, via ZigBee-PRO and GPRS, to assist the solid waste management process. The system is designed to monitor the status of the bin as soon as someone throw waste insight it. The system framework is based on a wireless sensor network, contains three levels: smart bin, gateway and control station that stores and analyze the data for further use. In this way, the waste collection route can be optimized by feeding the collected data into a decision support system and hence able to reduce operation costs and emissions
47 CAWIS: Context aware wireless irrigation system
CAWIS: Context aware wireless irrigation system
Water scarcity is one of the major problems faced by the whole world. In India, this situation is aggravated since agriculture is one of the major economies. As per the statistics of 2009, India has 35.12% of total land under irrigation. The objective of this work is to reduce the water usage in irrigation processes. In this regard, we have proposed a context aware wireless sensor network system for irrigation management. This multi-sensor system will continuously monitor the relevant environmental parameters, hydrological parameters, soil parameters and crop specific parameters to derive the context. These derived contexts will be used for automatic control and adaptation of the irrigation system. This context aware system uses the real-time sensor data to minimize the wastage of water used in the irrigation process. This research has also proposed an innovative design for horizontal angle adjustment of sprinkler nozzle using stepper motor. This remotely controllable sprinkler system can be wirelessly controlled, based on the decisions derived from the multi-sensors deployed in the agriculture field. The system also includes GSM module, which updates the user about the watering decisions being taken and executed on the fields. This paper describes the experimentation results of this system and it clearly shows that the system can effectively reduce water usage compared to the conventional systems.
Water scarcity is one of the major problems faced by the whole world. In India, this situation is aggravated since agriculture is one of the major economies. As per the statistics of 2009, India has 35.12% of total land under irrigation. The objective of this work is to reduce the water usage in irrigation processes. In this regard, we have proposed a context aware wireless sensor network system for irrigation management. This multi-sensor system will continuously monitor the relevant environmental parameters, hydrological parameters, soil parameters and crop specific parameters to derive the context. These derived contexts will be used for automatic control and adaptation of the irrigation system. This context aware system uses the real-time sensor data to minimize the wastage of water used in the irrigation process. This research has also proposed an innovative design for horizontal angle adjustment of sprinkler nozzle using stepper motor. This remotely controllable sprinkler system can be wirelessly controlled, based on the decisions derived from the multi-sensors deployed in the agriculture field. The system also includes GSM module, which updates the user about the watering decisions being taken and executed on the fields. This paper describes the experimentation results of this system and it clearly shows that the system can effectively reduce water usage compared to the conventional systems.
48 An Intelligent Wearable E-Belt for Continuous Monitoring of Sinus Rhythm
An Intelligent Wearable E-Belt for Continuous Monitoring of Sinus Rhythm
n this paper, we proposes a GSM based non-invasive wearable physiological parameters monitoring system. The system can be used to monitor parameters such as temperature and heart rate of a human subject. This system is worn on the waist by an at-risk person. The person is monitored using several sensors and data is sent wirelessly. The device detects if a person is medically distressed and sends message to the hospital, ambulance and relatives. An alarm is set, which helps the user to alert the people around. This intelligent e-belt is helpful for physically challenged and elderly people and also reliable and accurate.
n this paper, we proposes a GSM based non-invasive wearable physiological parameters monitoring system. The system can be used to monitor parameters such as temperature and heart rate of a human subject. This system is worn on the waist by an at-risk person. The person is monitored using several sensors and data is sent wirelessly. The device detects if a person is medically distressed and sends message to the hospital, ambulance and relatives. An alarm is set, which helps the user to alert the people around. This intelligent e-belt is helpful for physically challenged and elderly people and also reliable and accurate.
49 Warehousing environment monitoring systems based on CC2530
Warehousing environment monitoring systems based on CC2530
There are some problems in the traditional warehousing monitoring systems, such as complex wiring and high power consumption. Sometimes the warehousing is so remote that it is not quite convenient to supply the alternating current with cable. This paper introduces a new warehousing environment monitor system based on wireless sensor network (WSN), which can acquire real-time warehousing environment parameters and reduce the unnecessary loss caused by emergency such as fire. We adopt the CC2530 as a wireless data transceiver, SHT11 temperature and humidity sensors to realize the gathering of warehousing environment parameter, and voice module to realize audio acquisition. The communication system run the corresponding program for the coordinator nodes and terminal nodes under the IAR system, and realize data transmission between the nodes in a star network. The experimental results show that the system can realize the acquisition and processing of environmental temperature and humidity in a wide area.
There are some problems in the traditional warehousing monitoring systems, such as complex wiring and high power consumption. Sometimes the warehousing is so remote that it is not quite convenient to supply the alternating current with cable. This paper introduces a new warehousing environment monitor system based on wireless sensor network (WSN), which can acquire real-time warehousing environment parameters and reduce the unnecessary loss caused by emergency such as fire. We adopt the CC2530 as a wireless data transceiver, SHT11 temperature and humidity sensors to realize the gathering of warehousing environment parameter, and voice module to realize audio acquisition. The communication system run the corresponding program for the coordinator nodes and terminal nodes under the IAR system, and realize data transmission between the nodes in a star network. The experimental results show that the system can realize the acquisition and processing of environmental temperature and humidity in a wide area.
50 An energy efficient smart LED lighting system for building energy management
An energy efficient smart LED lighting system for building energy management
Recently, there have been a variety researches on reducing building energy consumption. In particular, a LED lighting system has gained considerable interests because the system can reduce a lot of energy consumption in buildings. Therefore, this paper proposes a LED lighting system that has energy efficient structure of LED lights. The energy consumption is reduced by controlling the LED lights based on user movement.
Recently, there have been a variety researches on reducing building energy consumption. In particular, a LED lighting system has gained considerable interests because the system can reduce a lot of energy consumption in buildings. Therefore, this paper proposes a LED lighting system that has energy efficient structure of LED lights. The energy consumption is reduced by controlling the LED lights based on user movement.
59 An innovative wireless Cardiac Rhythm Management (iCRM) system
An innovative wireless Cardiac Rhythm Management (iCRM) system
In this paper, we propose a wireless Communicator to manage and enhance a Cardiac Rhythm Management System. The system includes: (1) an on-body wireless Electrocardiogram (ECG), (2) an Intracardiac Electrogram (EGM) embedded inside an Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillator, and (3) a Communicator (with a resident Learning System). The first two devices are existing technology available in the market and are emulated using data from the Physionet database, while the Communicator was designed and implemented by our research team. The value of the information obtained by combining the information supplied by (1) and (2), presented to the Communicator, improves decision making regarding use of the actuator or other actions. Preliminary results show a high level of confidence in the decisions made by the Communicator. For example, excellent accuracy is achieved in predicting atrial arrhythmia in 8 patients using only external ECG when we used a neural network.
In this paper, we propose a wireless Communicator to manage and enhance a Cardiac Rhythm Management System. The system includes: (1) an on-body wireless Electrocardiogram (ECG), (2) an Intracardiac Electrogram (EGM) embedded inside an Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillator, and (3) a Communicator (with a resident Learning System). The first two devices are existing technology available in the market and are emulated using data from the Physionet database, while the Communicator was designed and implemented by our research team. The value of the information obtained by combining the information supplied by (1) and (2), presented to the Communicator, improves decision making regarding use of the actuator or other actions. Preliminary results show a high level of confidence in the decisions made by the Communicator. For example, excellent accuracy is achieved in predicting atrial arrhythmia in 8 patients using only external ECG when we used a neural network.
52 Obstacle avoidance and orientation determination for a remote operated vehicle
Obstacle avoidance and orientation determination for a remote operated vehicle
In this paper, we propose a sweeping sonar obstacle avoidance method for autonomous navigation of mobile robots. The sweeping of the single sonar module using a motorized stage increase the coverage and reduce the electronics for ultrasonic modules. The orientation of the vehicle is determined using digital compass. The battery status is continuously monitored and fed back to the operator. Wireless communication is implemented for transmission of sensor data and control commands. Development of hardware and software modules for a three wheeled robot carrying sensors and its experimental results are presented.
In this paper, we propose a sweeping sonar obstacle avoidance method for autonomous navigation of mobile robots. The sweeping of the single sonar module using a motorized stage increase the coverage and reduce the electronics for ultrasonic modules. The orientation of the vehicle is determined using digital compass. The battery status is continuously monitored and fed back to the operator. Wireless communication is implemented for transmission of sensor data and control commands. Development of hardware and software modules for a three wheeled robot carrying sensors and its experimental results are presented.
53 WSN based utility System for effective monitoring and control of household power consumption
WSN based utility System for effective monitoring and control of household power consumption
In this paper, an effective and improved intelligent electrical power measurement and control operations of household appliances has been documented. The System has been designed and developed to monitor the electric parameters including voltage, current, phase angle and electric power consumption of a residence. The system is made up of intelligent realizing model which detects and regulates the household electric equipments for way of life by means of pursuing the contract price costs. It could keep costs low for the people and also boost the smart grid stability. The developed prototype has been carefully tested in the real home environment context for typical household appliances usages and the results are encouraging to apply in the real environment.
In this paper, an effective and improved intelligent electrical power measurement and control operations of household appliances has been documented. The System has been designed and developed to monitor the electric parameters including voltage, current, phase angle and electric power consumption of a residence. The system is made up of intelligent realizing model which detects and regulates the household electric equipments for way of life by means of pursuing the contract price costs. It could keep costs low for the people and also boost the smart grid stability. The developed prototype has been carefully tested in the real home environment context for typical household appliances usages and the results are encouraging to apply in the real environment.
54 A novel creation of thread-based ammonia gas sensors for wearable wireless security system
A novel creation of thread-based ammonia gas sensors for wearable wireless security system
Thread-based gas sensor based on poly (styrenecomaleic acid) partial isobutyl/methyl mixed ester and multi-walled carbon nanotube (PSE/MWCNT) nanocomposite for NH3 detection has been designed and created from two simple processes; crochet and immersion (dip) coating processes. This new dimension of fabric-based gas sensors fabrication is suitable for integrating directly into the flexible substrates to be applied as wearable gas detection instruments such as gas-protective clothing, gas safety shoes and gas masks. Soft materials which do not irritate the wearer have been used for this sensor. This work opens a new perspective that overcomes the well-known limitation for creating a fabric-based gas sensor such as the complexity of the production process, high cost and high power consumption in operating. Thus it leads to an innovative integration between science and smart art. As a result, we can make a cheap wireless gas detector based on Xbee communication technology, with low power consumption. This sensor was tested for its selectivity and sensitivity performance toward several volatile compounds, namely ammonia, pyridine, acetic acid, ethanol and acetone. The results revealed that this sensor has higher sensitivity and specificity to NH3 than other gases. It is possible to monitor NH3 until it reaches a concentration of 5 ppm and also has the ability to recover as well.
Thread-based gas sensor based on poly (styrenecomaleic acid) partial isobutyl/methyl mixed ester and multi-walled carbon nanotube (PSE/MWCNT) nanocomposite for NH3 detection has been designed and created from two simple processes; crochet and immersion (dip) coating processes. This new dimension of fabric-based gas sensors fabrication is suitable for integrating directly into the flexible substrates to be applied as wearable gas detection instruments such as gas-protective clothing, gas safety shoes and gas masks. Soft materials which do not irritate the wearer have been used for this sensor. This work opens a new perspective that overcomes the well-known limitation for creating a fabric-based gas sensor such as the complexity of the production process, high cost and high power consumption in operating. Thus it leads to an innovative integration between science and smart art. As a result, we can make a cheap wireless gas detector based on Xbee communication technology, with low power consumption. This sensor was tested for its selectivity and sensitivity performance toward several volatile compounds, namely ammonia, pyridine, acetic acid, ethanol and acetone. The results revealed that this sensor has higher sensitivity and specificity to NH3 than other gases. It is possible to monitor NH3 until it reaches a concentration of 5 ppm and also has the ability to recover as well.
55 detection of respiration rate & efficiency of sleep with pillow-based sensor array
Unconstrained detection of respiration rate and efficiency of sleep with pillow-based sensor array
An unconstrained real-time method to detect the relationship between breathing patterns and sleep efficiency (%SE) during sleep was developed using a low-cost sleep monitoring system. This system consists of an array of force sensitive resistors (FSR) sensors embedded on a pillow-sheet, wireless network devices based on low-cost ZigBee technology to digitize and transmit the pressure data to desktop computer or display devices, software to analyze and classify body movements. The characteristic breathing patterns are explained by the change of the head pressure distribution on the pillow due to the lifting and lowing of the thorax movement. We have found that the body movement frequency is different among individuals during sleep. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the quality of breathing and sleep efficiency by using the frequency of body movement during the night that were classified using a newly developed classification algorithm based on thorax movement. Here we show that quality of sleep can be characterized and distinguished by correlations of breathing rates separated by lifting and lowing of the thorax motion. The integration of this sensor system and wireless technology with computer software could make this healthcare monitoring system a commercial product valuable for point-of-care applications.
An unconstrained real-time method to detect the relationship between breathing patterns and sleep efficiency (%SE) during sleep was developed using a low-cost sleep monitoring system. This system consists of an array of force sensitive resistors (FSR) sensors embedded on a pillow-sheet, wireless network devices based on low-cost ZigBee technology to digitize and transmit the pressure data to desktop computer or display devices, software to analyze and classify body movements. The characteristic breathing patterns are explained by the change of the head pressure distribution on the pillow due to the lifting and lowing of the thorax movement. We have found that the body movement frequency is different among individuals during sleep. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the quality of breathing and sleep efficiency by using the frequency of body movement during the night that were classified using a newly developed classification algorithm based on thorax movement. Here we show that quality of sleep can be characterized and distinguished by correlations of breathing rates separated by lifting and lowing of the thorax motion. The integration of this sensor system and wireless technology with computer software could make this healthcare monitoring system a commercial product valuable for point-of-care applications.
56 A Sustainable Wireless BAN Platform for Remote Monitoring of Workers Health Care
Design and Implementation of a Sustainable Wireless BAN Platform for Remote Monitoring of Workers Health Care in Harsh Environments
This paper presents experimental results on a body area network platform that accurately and precisely captures, processes, and wirelessly transmits six- degrees-of-freedom inertial and electrocardiogram data in a wearable, non-invasive form factor. The platform is designed to be low-energy enabling health care applications and remote monitoring of workers in harsh environments. The challenges tackled in this article include the following: (1) reducing the radio channel contention, (2) reducing the energy consumption, and (3) managing diverse Quality of Service (QoS). The system is evaluated regarding to the accuracy and the energy consumption efficiency.
This paper presents experimental results on a body area network platform that accurately and precisely captures, processes, and wirelessly transmits six- degrees-of-freedom inertial and electrocardiogram data in a wearable, non-invasive form factor. The platform is designed to be low-energy enabling health care applications and remote monitoring of workers in harsh environments. The challenges tackled in this article include the following: (1) reducing the radio channel contention, (2) reducing the energy consumption, and (3) managing diverse Quality of Service (QoS). The system is evaluated regarding to the accuracy and the energy consumption efficiency.
57 Wireless sensor network for prototype of fire detection
Wireless sensor network for prototype of fire detection
This paper proposes the prototype design of a fire suppression system. The system uses temperature sensor LM35, gas sensor MQ-7 and microcontroller ATMega8535 as processing data from sensors. Environmental conditions such as temperature and CO gas concentration will be processed by the microcontroller and the data is sent by XBee Radio Frequency (RF) module and forwarded to the XBee RF server. The User Interface Guide (GUI) on a Personal Computer (PC) displays the data. Fire detection system equipment using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is applied with a mesh topology using XBee RF module series 2.
This paper proposes the prototype design of a fire suppression system. The system uses temperature sensor LM35, gas sensor MQ-7 and microcontroller ATMega8535 as processing data from sensors. Environmental conditions such as temperature and CO gas concentration will be processed by the microcontroller and the data is sent by XBee Radio Frequency (RF) module and forwarded to the XBee RF server. The User Interface Guide (GUI) on a Personal Computer (PC) displays the data. Fire detection system equipment using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is applied with a mesh topology using XBee RF module series 2.
58 Implementation of wearable sensors for fall detection into smart household
Implementation of wearable sensors for fall detection into smart household
The proposed paper describes implementation of wearable sensors into smart household environment. Wearable sensor prototype is based on MEMS inertial measurement unit, containing accelerometer and gyroscope. Fall detection using wearable sensors has been determined as suitable function in several implementations. Fall detection algorithm, considering information about acceleration, tilt and angular velocity was developed and tested. Communication of IMU with PC is described as well as experimental verification of the algorithm.
The proposed paper describes implementation of wearable sensors into smart household environment. Wearable sensor prototype is based on MEMS inertial measurement unit, containing accelerometer and gyroscope. Fall detection using wearable sensors has been determined as suitable function in several implementations. Fall detection algorithm, considering information about acceleration, tilt and angular velocity was developed and tested. Communication of IMU with PC is described as well as experimental verification of the algorithm.
65 Low-cost saline droplet measurement system using for common patient room in rural public hospital
Low-cost saline droplet measurement system using for common patient room in rural public hospital
This paper proposes low-cost saline droplet measurement system (SDMS). The system can be used to check saline droplet of patients in each patient's bed in rural public hospital. By installing the measuring modules in all patients' beds, the system will show saline droplet status of each patient. So, nurses can accurately check saline droplet status of their patients on a computer including saline droplet statuses, saline droplet rate (drops per minute), and remaining time. The saline droplet statuses include four statuses that are Normal status (the system is working, the green light is shown on monitor), Warning status (sensor at critical point cannot detect saline, the yellow light is shown on monitor), Error status (droplet sensor cannot detect saline droplet, the red light is shown on monitor), and Chang New Bag (the blue light is shown on monitor). So, nurses do not need to go to patient's bed every time because they can check saline drop let status of each patient via this system. This system is a low-cost system and comfortable for a nurses. Therefore, in rural public hospital can use this system in common patient's room.
This paper proposes low-cost saline droplet measurement system (SDMS). The system can be used to check saline droplet of patients in each patient's bed in rural public hospital. By installing the measuring modules in all patients' beds, the system will show saline droplet status of each patient. So, nurses can accurately check saline droplet status of their patients on a computer including saline droplet statuses, saline droplet rate (drops per minute), and remaining time. The saline droplet statuses include four statuses that are Normal status (the system is working, the green light is shown on monitor), Warning status (sensor at critical point cannot detect saline, the yellow light is shown on monitor), Error status (droplet sensor cannot detect saline droplet, the red light is shown on monitor), and Chang New Bag (the blue light is shown on monitor). So, nurses do not need to go to patient's bed every time because they can check saline drop let status of each patient via this system. This system is a low-cost system and comfortable for a nurses. Therefore, in rural public hospital can use this system in common patient's room.
60 Wireless sensor network gateway design for home automation applications
Wireless sensor network gateway design for home automation applications
In this paper, a gateway system between the wireless sensor network (WSN) and TCP/IP is designed for home automation applications. The fundamental components of this system are switches connected to WSN, the gateway between WSN and TCP/IP and a user interface program which can be used to show incoming and outgoing data to the users. The switch units are the end-devices of the WSN. There are WSN and TCP/IP interfaces on the gateway. The gateway behaves like the coordinator of the WSN. Additionally, it enables a communication interface between WSN and the computer via TCP/IP. The WSN used in this work operates based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Our experiments show that two way communication between the computer and WSN can be executed in-real time.
In this paper, a gateway system between the wireless sensor network (WSN) and TCP/IP is designed for home automation applications. The fundamental components of this system are switches connected to WSN, the gateway between WSN and TCP/IP and a user interface program which can be used to show incoming and outgoing data to the users. The switch units are the end-devices of the WSN. There are WSN and TCP/IP interfaces on the gateway. The gateway behaves like the coordinator of the WSN. Additionally, it enables a communication interface between WSN and the computer via TCP/IP. The WSN used in this work operates based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Our experiments show that two way communication between the computer and WSN can be executed in-real time.
61 Wireless Node Control and Monitoring System Using Web Enabled Interface
Wireless Node Control and Monitoring System Using Web Enabled Interface
Under many research and development cell it has been noted that establishing the wireless sensor nodes network and let them work as a cluster, but the major problem with wireless sensor nodes cluster is monitoring of cluster head through wireless technology has limitation of range. Using existing mobile network one can achieve the task but again it has a limitation over world wide access and support of roaming everywhere due to non-standardized communication between multiple mobile service provider. By utilizing the advantage, ease of access and the unlimited long distance accessibility we can take full control over wireless sensor node cluster or network. Hence here we are proposing the system for wireless node cluster control and statistics monitoring using web enabled interface and the internet. In system cluster node will be responsible to communicate with all nodes and also work as a middle ware between individual node and web interface. In this paper we are discussing technology used for monitoring and controlling of wireless sensor node network.
Under many research and development cell it has been noted that establishing the wireless sensor nodes network and let them work as a cluster, but the major problem with wireless sensor nodes cluster is monitoring of cluster head through wireless technology has limitation of range. Using existing mobile network one can achieve the task but again it has a limitation over world wide access and support of roaming everywhere due to non-standardized communication between multiple mobile service provider. By utilizing the advantage, ease of access and the unlimited long distance accessibility we can take full control over wireless sensor node cluster or network. Hence here we are proposing the system for wireless node cluster control and statistics monitoring using web enabled interface and the internet. In system cluster node will be responsible to communicate with all nodes and also work as a middle ware between individual node and web interface. In this paper we are discussing technology used for monitoring and controlling of wireless sensor node network.
62 Real time building zone occupancy detection & activity visualization using a visitor counting
Real time building zone occupancy detection and activity visualization utilizing a visitor counting sensor network
Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) can be adjusted based on room occupancy levels. In this study the feasibility of a visitor counting sensor network in occupancy detection was evaluated. A network with 15 sensor spots and real time activity visualization was designed and assembled at the Aalto Design Factory building. Direction sensitive light beam and infrared (IR) camera sensors were used. Counting data was collected for one week. The sensor spots divided the building into ten zones and the zones' occupancies were calculated in five minute intervals. The results suggest that visitor counting errors easily accumulate over time and the use of correction factors or a more sophisticated counting algorithm is needed. The operation of a visitor sensor-based DCV could also be complemented with CO2 sensors to guarantee both sufficient ventilation and a short response time.
Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) can be adjusted based on room occupancy levels. In this study the feasibility of a visitor counting sensor network in occupancy detection was evaluated. A network with 15 sensor spots and real time activity visualization was designed and assembled at the Aalto Design Factory building. Direction sensitive light beam and infrared (IR) camera sensors were used. Counting data was collected for one week. The sensor spots divided the building into ten zones and the zones' occupancies were calculated in five minute intervals. The results suggest that visitor counting errors easily accumulate over time and the use of correction factors or a more sophisticated counting algorithm is needed. The operation of a visitor sensor-based DCV could also be complemented with CO2 sensors to guarantee both sufficient ventilation and a short response time.
63 Wireless Sensor Network-based air quality monitoring system
Wireless Sensor Network-based air quality monitoring system
This paper proposes a simple Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based air quality monitoring system (WSN-AQMS) for industrial and urban areas. The proposed framework comprises a set of gas sensors (ozone, CO, and NO2) that are deployed on stacks and infrastructure of a Zigbee WSN and a central server to support both short-term real-time incident management and a long-term strategic planning. This architecture would use open-hardware open-software gas sensing capable motes [6] made by Libelium. These motes use the ZigBee communication protocol and provide a real-time low cost monitoring system through the use of low cost, low data rate, and low power wireless communication technology. The proposed monitoring system can be transferred to or shared by other applications. We also introduce a simple but efficient clustering protocol dubbed hereafter “Clustering Protocol for Air Sensor network” (CPAS) for the proposed WSN-AQMS framework. CPAS proves to be efficient in terms of network energy consumption, network lifetime, and the rate at which data is communicated.
This paper proposes a simple Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based air quality monitoring system (WSN-AQMS) for industrial and urban areas. The proposed framework comprises a set of gas sensors (ozone, CO, and NO2) that are deployed on stacks and infrastructure of a Zigbee WSN and a central server to support both short-term real-time incident management and a long-term strategic planning. This architecture would use open-hardware open-software gas sensing capable motes [6] made by Libelium. These motes use the ZigBee communication protocol and provide a real-time low cost monitoring system through the use of low cost, low data rate, and low power wireless communication technology. The proposed monitoring system can be transferred to or shared by other applications. We also introduce a simple but efficient clustering protocol dubbed hereafter “Clustering Protocol for Air Sensor network” (CPAS) for the proposed WSN-AQMS framework. CPAS proves to be efficient in terms of network energy consumption, network lifetime, and the rate at which data is communicated.
64 Web based service to monitor automatic irrigation system for the agriculture field using sensors
Web based service to monitor automatic irrigation system for the agriculture field using sensors
The paper describes the automatic irrigation system using the Arduino microcontroller with grove moisture sensor and water flow sensor. The communication will be established using the Zigbee protocol and the control will be sent based on the moisture level of the soil using Arduino microcontroller. The two xbee radios's used in the network will be treated as master and slave in combination with the Arduino microcontroller. Here when a particular moisture level is reached, depending on the value of the moisture level water flow will be allowed in the pipe and the flow range, water pressure will be updated along with the time in a database and also displayed in the web portal. The owner of the agricultural field can anytime check the moisture level and the motor status. The motor's functionality status will also be a sent to the farmer's mobile using GSM
The paper describes the automatic irrigation system using the Arduino microcontroller with grove moisture sensor and water flow sensor. The communication will be established using the Zigbee protocol and the control will be sent based on the moisture level of the soil using Arduino microcontroller. The two xbee radios's used in the network will be treated as master and slave in combination with the Arduino microcontroller. Here when a particular moisture level is reached, depending on the value of the moisture level water flow will be allowed in the pipe and the flow range, water pressure will be updated along with the time in a database and also displayed in the web portal. The owner of the agricultural field can anytime check the moisture level and the motor status. The motor's functionality status will also be a sent to the farmer's mobile using GSM
66 An industrial Wireless Sensor Networks framework for production monitoring
An industrial Wireless Sensor Networks framework for production monitoring
This paper presents design and implementation of a spatially distributed measurement system using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for real-time condition and performance monitoring of industrial machines in a manufacturing system setting. Main focus in this study was given to applications in small-to-medium size metalworking industry, where most of the machinery are conventional and do not support modern digital data communication technologies common for factory networking. The general procedure and the details of implementation are presented through a prototype implementation performed in a metalworking industry. A multi-platform and multi-layer sensor platform has been utilized using ZigBee-based TelosB and SunSPOT motes for enhancing the wireless communication quality in a factory environment. A distributed decision making scheme was used in order to provide real-time reliable machine utilization information.
This paper presents design and implementation of a spatially distributed measurement system using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for real-time condition and performance monitoring of industrial machines in a manufacturing system setting. Main focus in this study was given to applications in small-to-medium size metalworking industry, where most of the machinery are conventional and do not support modern digital data communication technologies common for factory networking. The general procedure and the details of implementation are presented through a prototype implementation performed in a metalworking industry. A multi-platform and multi-layer sensor platform has been utilized using ZigBee-based TelosB and SunSPOT motes for enhancing the wireless communication quality in a factory environment. A distributed decision making scheme was used in order to provide real-time reliable machine utilization information.
67 FPGA implementation of advanced health care system using Zig-Bee enabled RFID technology
FPGA implementation of advanced health care system using Zig-Bee enabled RFID technology
In the age of growing population, critical issues in health care system made a nation somehow struggling against the inefficient health care. Delay and simple error may cause fatal cases keeping nation staggered. With the advancement of electronic industry, the microprocessor obsolescence is a major concern. The adaptive VLSI design is an emergent trend to move from bespoke custom microprocessor based system to the soft core processor embedded within FPGA/CPLD due to the demanding advantages like low NRE cost, low time to market, less hardware, excellent design flexibility & reprogram ability, low power consumption and high speed performance. In electronic industry there are so many areas, like wireless communications, robotics etc, where adaptive design has been implemented. In this aspect, an attempt has been made to design and implement an advanced health care system in this article using Zigbee enabled RFID technology in accordance with the advanced VLSI design of the processor.
In the age of growing population, critical issues in health care system made a nation somehow struggling against the inefficient health care. Delay and simple error may cause fatal cases keeping nation staggered. With the advancement of electronic industry, the microprocessor obsolescence is a major concern. The adaptive VLSI design is an emergent trend to move from bespoke custom microprocessor based system to the soft core processor embedded within FPGA/CPLD due to the demanding advantages like low NRE cost, low time to market, less hardware, excellent design flexibility & reprogram ability, low power consumption and high speed performance. In electronic industry there are so many areas, like wireless communications, robotics etc, where adaptive design has been implemented. In this aspect, an attempt has been made to design and implement an advanced health care system in this article using Zigbee enabled RFID technology in accordance with the advanced VLSI design of the processor.
68 Harnessing wind energy to power sensor networks for agriculture
Harnessing wind energy to power sensor networks for agriculture
Agriculture sector in India contributes 16% of GDP and 10% of export earnings. Agriculture sector dominates the Indian economy along with industries and services sector, which determines the growth and sustainability. About 65 per cent of the population relies on agriculture for employment and livelihood. Application of science and technology in agriculture is being practiced in several parts of the country. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be used as cost effective measures to improve the agricultural yield. Attempts have been made to use WSNs in improving agricultural yield, monitoring environmental conditions like humidity, soil moisture, temperature, weed disease detection, automated irrigation monitoring the growth of the crop etc. WSNs use batteries to power the sensors. However the life of the battery is limited and the sensors would need to be powered continuously. In this paper we look at recharging the batteries in the sensor nodes in a field by harnessing wind energy. We use data available on wind distribution across the state and also the available wind speed data to determine the energy that can be harvested. We also identify efficient energy aware algorithms to ensure minimal use of energy during data transfer between nodes. Our paper suggests an implementation where wind energy is harnessed to power the sensor nodes. In addition to the minimization of gross power consumption, the objective is the distribution of power consumption across the network, thereby extend the overall network battery life. We propose an adaptive power-aware routing algorithm using a combination of various proposed routing algorithms. We implement an efficient energy management system using the (Distributed Energy Harvesting Aware Routing) DEHAR algorithm and implement the same using Zigbee transmission. We also implement synchronous sleep scheduling to minimize power consumption in WSN.
Agriculture sector in India contributes 16% of GDP and 10% of export earnings. Agriculture sector dominates the Indian economy along with industries and services sector, which determines the growth and sustainability. About 65 per cent of the population relies on agriculture for employment and livelihood. Application of science and technology in agriculture is being practiced in several parts of the country. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be used as cost effective measures to improve the agricultural yield. Attempts have been made to use WSNs in improving agricultural yield, monitoring environmental conditions like humidity, soil moisture, temperature, weed disease detection, automated irrigation monitoring the growth of the crop etc. WSNs use batteries to power the sensors. However the life of the battery is limited and the sensors would need to be powered continuously. In this paper we look at recharging the batteries in the sensor nodes in a field by harnessing wind energy. We use data available on wind distribution across the state and also the available wind speed data to determine the energy that can be harvested. We also identify efficient energy aware algorithms to ensure minimal use of energy during data transfer between nodes. Our paper suggests an implementation where wind energy is harnessed to power the sensor nodes. In addition to the minimization of gross power consumption, the objective is the distribution of power consumption across the network, thereby extend the overall network battery life. We propose an adaptive power-aware routing algorithm using a combination of various proposed routing algorithms. We implement an efficient energy management system using the (Distributed Energy Harvesting Aware Routing) DEHAR algorithm and implement the same using Zigbee transmission. We also implement synchronous sleep scheduling to minimize power consumption in WSN.
69 An interactive LED lighting interface for high energy savings
An interactive LED lighting interface for high energy savings
In this paper we demonstrate the potential energy savings by implementing an interactive LED lighting interface using a Zig-Bee based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for both monitoring and control of the lighting system. Existing lighting systems are clock-oriented and offer limited monitoring and control capabilities. The proposed system automatically adjusts the illumination level of individual lamps according to the ambient lighting conditions and occupancy pattern of the surrounding; it is also adaptable to regions (or) different time-zones by itself. The inter-lamp communication over the master-slave network facilitates an efficient lighting system beyond individual lamp fixtures. Remote monitoring helps in condition monitoring while remote control enables easy user interference. The proposed system will result in lower maintenance cost, higher energy savings and eventually leads to a faster return-on-investment of the system. In this paper, a prototype of the system is presented and its feasibility is demonstrated.
In this paper we demonstrate the potential energy savings by implementing an interactive LED lighting interface using a Zig-Bee based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for both monitoring and control of the lighting system. Existing lighting systems are clock-oriented and offer limited monitoring and control capabilities. The proposed system automatically adjusts the illumination level of individual lamps according to the ambient lighting conditions and occupancy pattern of the surrounding; it is also adaptable to regions (or) different time-zones by itself. The inter-lamp communication over the master-slave network facilitates an efficient lighting system beyond individual lamp fixtures. Remote monitoring helps in condition monitoring while remote control enables easy user interference. The proposed system will result in lower maintenance cost, higher energy savings and eventually leads to a faster return-on-investment of the system. In this paper, a prototype of the system is presented and its feasibility is demonstrated.
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71 Adaptive rule engine based IoT enabled remote health care data acquisition and smart transmission
Adaptive rule engine based IoT enabled remote health care data acquisition and smart transmission system
In the remote health care monitoring applications, the collected medical data from bio-medical sensors should be transmitted to the nearest gateway for further processing. Transmission of data contributes to a significant amount of power consumption by the transmitter and increase in the network traffic. In this paper we propose a low complex rule engine based health care data acquisition and smart transmission system architecture, which uses IEEE 802.15.4 standard for transferring data to the gateway. The power consumed and the network traffic generated by the device can be reduced by event based transmission rather than continuous transmission of data. We developed two different rule engines: static rule engine and adaptive rule engine, which decides whether to transmit the collected data based on the important features extracted from the data, thereby achieving power saving. In this paper, ECG data acquisition and transmission architecture is considered. The metrics used for performance analysis are the amount of power saving and reduction in network traffic. It is shown that the proposed rule engine gives a significant reduction in energy consumption and network traffic generated.
In the remote health care monitoring applications, the collected medical data from bio-medical sensors should be transmitted to the nearest gateway for further processing. Transmission of data contributes to a significant amount of power consumption by the transmitter and increase in the network traffic. In this paper we propose a low complex rule engine based health care data acquisition and smart transmission system architecture, which uses IEEE 802.15.4 standard for transferring data to the gateway. The power consumed and the network traffic generated by the device can be reduced by event based transmission rather than continuous transmission of data. We developed two different rule engines: static rule engine and adaptive rule engine, which decides whether to transmit the collected data based on the important features extracted from the data, thereby achieving power saving. In this paper, ECG data acquisition and transmission architecture is considered. The metrics used for performance analysis are the amount of power saving and reduction in network traffic. It is shown that the proposed rule engine gives a significant reduction in energy consumption and network traffic generated.
72 Vibration monitoring system of ships using wireless sensor networks
Vibration monitoring system of ships using wireless sensor networks
For the managers to improve their knowledge regarding the vibration condition of the ship they manage, a dense array of wireless sensors installed on the ship could provide ample amounts of data for monitoring vibration condition. The wireless sensor networks offer a distributed computing paradigm that allows sensor to self interrogate acceleration data. In particular, the proposed wireless sensor is constructed using a compact two layer printed circuit board. Furthermore, the wireless sensor utilizes an implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless networks allowing it to participate in scalable, star network that is adaptable to network changes without requiring reprogramming. Farthermore, a data collection and analysis software with a database is built to realized more data-processing.
For the managers to improve their knowledge regarding the vibration condition of the ship they manage, a dense array of wireless sensors installed on the ship could provide ample amounts of data for monitoring vibration condition. The wireless sensor networks offer a distributed computing paradigm that allows sensor to self interrogate acceleration data. In particular, the proposed wireless sensor is constructed using a compact two layer printed circuit board. Furthermore, the wireless sensor utilizes an implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless networks allowing it to participate in scalable, star network that is adaptable to network changes without requiring reprogramming. Farthermore, a data collection and analysis software with a database is built to realized more data-processing.
73 Flexible Wireless Sensor Network for smart lighting applications
Flexible Wireless Sensor Network for smart lighting applications
Currently, there is a growing demand for energy efficient solutions in different areas. The improvement of the quality of service and the reduction of resource waste is the goal of new solutions. Smart grids, smart metering systems and smart distributed control systems are the most interesting results of the last years, going to the direction of a new concept: the Smart City. The smartness of these solutions relies of a pervasive communication infrastructure to move information from “production points” to “consuming points”. This work is the description of the research project and development of enhance technologies for a smart, remotely controlled, street lighting system that is also able to include smart metering features. Even if a city delivers very different services, integrated, multi-service, systems have to be preferred thanks to their economical sustainability. The core of the project is an efficient routing strategy for large areas Wireless Sensor Network based on IEEE802.15.4 standard. This paper is focused on the development and performance assessment of the infrastructure for the remote control of the system and the validation in terms of average delivery delay of the measurement/control information.
Currently, there is a growing demand for energy efficient solutions in different areas. The improvement of the quality of service and the reduction of resource waste is the goal of new solutions. Smart grids, smart metering systems and smart distributed control systems are the most interesting results of the last years, going to the direction of a new concept: the Smart City. The smartness of these solutions relies of a pervasive communication infrastructure to move information from “production points” to “consuming points”. This work is the description of the research project and development of enhance technologies for a smart, remotely controlled, street lighting system that is also able to include smart metering features. Even if a city delivers very different services, integrated, multi-service, systems have to be preferred thanks to their economical sustainability. The core of the project is an efficient routing strategy for large areas Wireless Sensor Network based on IEEE802.15.4 standard. This paper is focused on the development and performance assessment of the infrastructure for the remote control of the system and the validation in terms of average delivery delay of the measurement/control information.
74 Low-power wireless sensor network for frost monitoring in agriculture research
Low-power wireless sensor network for frost monitoring in agriculture research
This work presents the development of a wireless sensor network (WSN), based on IEEE-802.15.4, in order to be used for frost characterization in precision agriculture by measuring temperature. Our key objective is to reduce the power consumption of the network to the minimum, allowing several measurement points per node and the remote monitoring of the sensors behaviour. For the communication interface between a WSN node and the sensors, we have developed a serial protocol inspired in SDI-12. Preliminary results show a low-cost and low-power WSN. The user can access and use the data for agronomic research.
This work presents the development of a wireless sensor network (WSN), based on IEEE-802.15.4, in order to be used for frost characterization in precision agriculture by measuring temperature. Our key objective is to reduce the power consumption of the network to the minimum, allowing several measurement points per node and the remote monitoring of the sensors behaviour. For the communication interface between a WSN node and the sensors, we have developed a serial protocol inspired in SDI-12. Preliminary results show a low-cost and low-power WSN. The user can access and use the data for agronomic research.
75 Delay tolerant network for autonomous robotic vehicle charging and hazard detection
Delay tolerant network for autonomous robotic vehicle charging and hazard detection
Autonomous robotic vehicles are getting increasingly popular. Uses for these vehicles include operations in remote areas where access to a structured network such as 3G, 4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi may be unavailable, making reliable communication an issue. Limited battery power of these vehicles is another issue that impairs their ability to perform autonomous duties for extended time periods. We propose a new delay-tolerant-network (DTN) topology that allows the vehicles seamlessly communicate with each other and additional nodes, and a novel autonomous charging system utilizing our network to solve the problem of limited battery power for extended autonomous duties. We designed a cost-effective, heterogeneous, ad-hoc DTN to carry and relay information between robotic vehicles, charging stations and additional nodes, where nodes can collect and store data from each other to relay to additional nodes. Furthermore, we developed an automated charging process, where autonomous robotic vehicles collect, share, and store information about the charging stations they have encountered using our DTN network. When the vehicles need charging, they use the data stored in their memory to autonomously navigate to the charging stations and connect with them using image detection to charge their batteries, eliminating any need for outside intervention. To demonstrate the autonomous charging process, we prototyped two autonomous robotic vehicles controlled by smartphones. These smartphones run a custom Android application we developed to perform wireless communication over DTN using the ZigBee protocol. The vehicles navigate autonomously using GPS and on board ultrasonic distance sensors, and precisely connect to charging stations by using the smartphone camera to detect specific patterns. Additionally, we built a prototype charging station that also acts as a gateway between our DTN and the Internet.
Autonomous robotic vehicles are getting increasingly popular. Uses for these vehicles include operations in remote areas where access to a structured network such as 3G, 4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi may be unavailable, making reliable communication an issue. Limited battery power of these vehicles is another issue that impairs their ability to perform autonomous duties for extended time periods. We propose a new delay-tolerant-network (DTN) topology that allows the vehicles seamlessly communicate with each other and additional nodes, and a novel autonomous charging system utilizing our network to solve the problem of limited battery power for extended autonomous duties. We designed a cost-effective, heterogeneous, ad-hoc DTN to carry and relay information between robotic vehicles, charging stations and additional nodes, where nodes can collect and store data from each other to relay to additional nodes. Furthermore, we developed an automated charging process, where autonomous robotic vehicles collect, share, and store information about the charging stations they have encountered using our DTN network. When the vehicles need charging, they use the data stored in their memory to autonomously navigate to the charging stations and connect with them using image detection to charge their batteries, eliminating any need for outside intervention. To demonstrate the autonomous charging process, we prototyped two autonomous robotic vehicles controlled by smartphones. These smartphones run a custom Android application we developed to perform wireless communication over DTN using the ZigBee protocol. The vehicles navigate autonomously using GPS and on board ultrasonic distance sensors, and precisely connect to charging stations by using the smartphone camera to detect specific patterns. Additionally, we built a prototype charging station that also acts as a gateway between our DTN and the Internet.
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Towards an isochronous wireless communication system for industrial automation
Deploying wireless technologies in industrial automation becomes more and more common. It is an enabler for many innovative applications where moving system components are involved, e. g. rotating parts of machines. However, many of such applications impose high temporal requirements on the wireless system, for instance isochronous data communication. Today, these requirements can not be met by existing solutions, such as IEEE802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). In this paper, an isochronous wireless communication system is investigated. It mainly consists of a deterministic medium access control, based on IEEE 802.11, which is extended with additional features for isochronous communication. The presented preliminary analysis shows the system's feasibility for the targeted industrial applications and presents promising performance improvements in comparison with standard mechanisms.
Thursday, January 9, 2014
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